Surgical device having multiple drivers

ABSTRACT

A surgical device is provided, the surgical device including a first driver for performing a first movement function; a second driver for performing a second movement function; a first rotatable drive shaft configured, upon actuation, to cause selective engagement of one of the first and second drivers with a second rotatable drive shaft, wherein the second rotatable drive shaft is configured to drive the selectively engaged one of the first and second drivers. Third and fourth drivers may also be included. The drivers may function to rotate a shaft portion of the surgical device relative to, and about the longitudinal axis of, a handle; move a jaw portion relative to the shaft portion; move a first jaw relative to a second jaw; and/or move a surgical member within the second jaw.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser.No. 12/235,362, filed Sep. 22, 2008, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,963,433, whichclaims benefit to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/974,267,filed on Sep. 21, 2007, which is expressly incorporated herein in itsentirety by reference thereto.

INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

The present application expressly incorporates herein by reference eachof the following in its entirety: U.S. patent application Ser. No.11/191,851, filed on Jul. 27, 2005, and Issued as U.S. Pat. No.8,241,322 on Aug. 14, 2012; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/460,291,filed on Jun. 11, 2003, and Issued as U.S. Pat. No. 7,743,960 on Jun.29, 2010; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/099,634, filed on Mar. 15,2002, and Issued as U.S. Pat. No. 7,951,071 on May 31, 2011; U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 09/999,546, filed on Nov. 30, 2001, and Issued asU.S. Pat. No. 7,695,485 on Apr. 13, 2010; U.S. patent application Ser.No. 09/887,789, filed on Jun. 22, 2001, and Issued as U.S. Pat. No.7,032,798 on Apr. 25, 2006; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/836,781,filed on Apr. 17, 2001, and Issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,981,941 on Jan. 3,2006; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/723,715, filed on Nov. 28,2000, and Issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,793,652 on Sep. 21, 2004; U.S.patent application Ser. No. 09/324,451, filed on Jun. 2, 1999, andIssued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,315,184 on Nov. 13, 2001; U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 09/324,452, filed on Jun. 2, 1999, and Issued asU.S. Pat. No. 6,443,973 on Sep. 3, 2002; U.S. patent application Ser.No. 09/351,534, filed on Jul. 12, 1999 and Issued as U.S. Pat. No.6,264,087 on Jul. 24, 2001; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/510,923,filed on Feb. 22, 2000 and Issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,517,565 on Feb. 11,2003; and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/510,927, filed on Feb. 22,2000 and Issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,716,233 on Apr. 6, 2004.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a surgical device. More specifically,the present invention relates to a powered, rotating and/or articulatingdevice for clamping, cutting and stapling tissue.

BACKGROUND INFORMATION

One type of surgical device is a linear clamping, cutting and staplingdevice. Such a device may be employed in a surgical procedure to resecta cancerous or anomalous tissue from a gastro-intestinal tract. Oneconventional linear clamping, cutting and stapling instrument is shownin FIG. 1. The device includes a pistol grip-styled structure having anelongated shaft and distal portion. The distal portion includes a pairof scissors-styled gripping elements, which clamp the open ends of thecolon closed. In this device, one of the two scissors-styled grippingelements, such as the anvil portion, moves or pivots relative to theoverall structure, whereas the other gripping element remains fixedrelative to the overall structure. The actuation of this scissoringdevice (the pivoting of the anvil portion) is controlled by a griptrigger maintained in the handle.

In addition to the scissoring device, the distal portion also includes astapling mechanism. The fixed gripping element of the scissoringmechanism includes a staple cartridge receiving region and a mechanismfor driving the staples up through the clamped end of the tissue againstthe anvil portion, thereby sealing the previously opened end. Thescissoring elements may be integrally formed with the shaft or may bedetachable such that various scissoring and stapling elements may beinterchangeable.

One problem with the foregoing surgical devices, and in particular withthe foregoing linear clamping, cutting and stapling devices such as thatillustrated in FIG. 1, is that the opposing jaws may be difficult tomaneuver within a patient. It may be necessary for a surgeon to move theopposing jaws between various angles in order to position the desiredtissue between the opposing jaws. However, it is also generallydesirable to make an incision in a patient that is as small as possible,and the small size of an incision limits the degree to which theopposing jaws may be maneuvered.

Another problem with the foregoing surgical devices, and in particularwith the foregoing linear clamping, cutting and stapling devices such asthat illustrated in FIG. 1, is that the opposing jaws may not besufficiently hemostatic. Specifically, the opposing jaws of theforegoing surgical devices are not clamped together with sufficientforce, thereby reducing the effectiveness of the surgical device. Stillanother problem with the foregoing surgical devices, and in particularwith the foregoing linear clamping, cutting and stapling devices such asthat illustrated in FIG. 1, is that the cutting and/or stapling membersare not driven with sufficient torque, thereby reducing theeffectiveness of the surgical device.

Thus, there is believed to be a need for an improvement in themaneuverability of clamping, cutting and stapling devices. In addition,there is believed to be a need for a clamping, cutting and staplingdevice that provides additional clamping, cutting and stapling forces.

SUMMARY

In accordance with an example embodiment of the present invention, asurgical device is provided, the surgical device including a firstdriver for performing a first movement function; a second driver forperforming a second movement function; a first rotatable drive shaftconfigured, upon actuation, to cause selective engagement of one of thefirst and second drivers with a second rotatable drive shaft, whereinthe second rotatable drive shaft is configured to drive the selectivelyengaged one of the first and second drivers.

In an embodiment, the surgical device also includes a third driver forperforming a third movement function, wherein the first rotatable driveshaft is configured, upon actuation, to cause selective engagement ofone of the first, second and third drivers with a second rotatable driveshaft, and wherein the second rotatable drive shaft is configured todrive the selectively engaged one of the first, second and thirddrivers. Also, the surgical device may include a fourth driver forperforming a third movement function, wherein the first rotatable driveshaft is configured, upon actuation, to cause selective engagement ofone of the first, second, third and fourth drivers with a secondrotatable drive shaft, and wherein the second rotatable drive shaft isconfigured to drive the selectively engaged one of the first, second,third and fourth drivers.

Various movement functions may be performed by the surgical device. Forexample, the surgical device may include a shaft portion coupled to ahandle, the handle defining a longitudinal axis. At least one of thefirst and second movement functions may include rotating, upon actuationof the second rotatable drive shaft, a shaft portion of the surgicaldevice relative to, and about a longitudinal axis of, a handle of thesurgical device. Actuation of the second rotatable drive shaft in afirst rotational direction may cause pivotal movement of the shaftportion in a first rotational direction relative to, and about thelongitudinal axis of, the handle, and actuation of the second rotatabledrive shaft in a second rotational direction may cause pivotal movementof the shaft portion in a second rotational direction that is oppositethe first rotational direction relative to, and about the longitudinalaxis of, the handle. The first or second driver may include at least onegear that is selectively engaged by the second rotatable drive shaftupon the first rotatable drive shaft moving a functional component intoa position corresponding to the at least one of the first and secondmovement functions.

In another movement function that may be performed by the surgicaldevice, the surgical device may include a jaw portion coupled to a shaftportion, and the first or second movement function may include moving,upon actuation of the second rotatable drive shaft, a jaw portion of thesurgical device relative to a shaft portion of the surgical device.Actuation of the second rotatable drive shaft in a first rotationaldirection may cause pivotal movement of the jaw portion in a firstrotational direction relative to the shaft portion, and actuation of thesecond rotatable drive shaft in a second rotational direction may causepivotal movement of the jaw portion in a second rotational directionthat is opposite the first rotational direction relative to the shaftportion. The jaw portion and the shaft portion may define respectivelongitudinal axes, and the jaw portion may pivot relative to a shaftportion about a longitudinal axis that is perpendicular to thelongitudinal axes of the jaw portion and the shaft portion. The first orsecond driver may include at least one gear that is selectively engagedby the second rotatable drive shaft upon the first rotatable drive shaftmoving a functional component into a position corresponding to the atleast one of the first and second movement functions.

In another movement function that may be performed by the surgicaldevice, the surgical device may include a jaw portion that includes afirst jaw and a second jaw in opposed correspondence with each other,and the first or second movement function may include moving, uponactuation of the second rotatable drive shaft, the first jaw relative tothe second jaw. Actuation of the second rotatable drive shaft in a firstrotational direction may cause movement of the first jaw in a firstrotational direction relative to the second jaw, and actuation of thesecond rotatable drive shaft in a second rotational direction may causepivotal movement of the first jaw in a second rotational direction thatis opposite the first rotational direction relative to the second jaw.The first or second jaws may define respective longitudinal axes, andthe first jaw may pivot relative to the second jaw about a longitudinalaxis that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the first andsecond jaws. The first or second driver may include at least one gearthat is selectively engaged by the second rotatable drive shaft upon thefirst rotatable drive shaft moving a functional component into aposition corresponding to the at least one of the first and secondmovement functions.

In another movement function that may be performed by the surgicaldevice, the surgical device may include a first jaw and a second jaw inopposed correspondence with the first jaw, the second jaw including asurgical member. At least one of the first and second movement functionsmay include driving, upon actuation of the second rotatable drive shaft,the surgical member within the second jaw. Actuation of the secondrotatable drive shaft in a first rotational direction may cause movementof the surgical member in a first direction within the second jaw, andactuation of the second rotatable drive shaft in a second rotationaldirection may cause movement of the surgical member in a seconddirection that is opposite the first direction within the second jaw.The surgical member may include at least one of a cutting element and astapling element. The first or second drivers may include at least onegear that is selectively engaged by the second rotatable drive shaftupon the first rotatable drive shaft moving a functional component intoa position corresponding to the at least one of the first and secondmovement functions.

In an embodiment, the first and second rotatable drive shafts arecoupleable to respective drive couplings of an electro-mechanicaldriver. Alternatively, the surgical device may also include at least onemotor, the at least one motor configured to rotate the first and secondrotatable drive shafts.

In another embodiment, there is provided a surgical system that includesan electro-mechanical driver unit including at least one motor unit, anda surgical attachment that includes: a first driver for performing afirst movement function; a second driver for performing a secondmovement function; a first rotatable drive shaft coupleable to the atleast one motor unit and configured, upon actuation by the at least onemotor unit, to cause selective engagement of one of the first and seconddrivers with a second rotatable drive shaft, wherein the secondrotatable drive shaft is coupleable to the at least one motor unit andis configured to drive the selectively engaged one of the first andsecond drivers via the at least one motor unit.

Also, the surgical attachment of the surgical system may further includea third driver for performing a third movement function, wherein thefirst rotatable drive shaft is configured, upon actuation, to causeselective engagement of one of the first, second and third drivers withthe second rotatable drive shaft, and wherein the second rotatable driveshaft is configured to drive the selectively engaged one of the first,second and third drivers. In addition, the surgical attachment may alsoinclude a fourth driver for performing a third movement function,wherein the first rotatable drive shaft is configured, upon actuation,to cause selective engagement of one of the first, second, third andfourth drivers with the second rotatable drive shaft, and wherein thesecond rotatable drive shaft is configured to drive the selectivelyengaged one of the first, second, third and fourth drivers.

In an embodiment, the surgical attachment of the surgical systemincludes a shaft portion coupled to a handle, the handle defining alongitudinal axis, wherein at least one of the first and second movementfunctions includes rotating, upon actuation of the second rotatabledrive shaft, a shaft portion of the surgical device relative to, andabout a longitudinal axis of, a handle of the surgical device. Actuationvia the at least one motor unit of the second rotatable drive shaft in afirst rotational direction may cause pivotal movement of the shaftportion in a first rotational direction relative to, and about thelongitudinal axis of, the handle, and actuation via the at least onemotor unit of the second rotatable drive shaft in a second rotationaldirection may cause pivotal movement of the shaft portion in a secondrotational direction that is opposite the first rotational directionrelative to, and about the longitudinal axis of, the handle. The firstor second driver may include at least one gear that is selectivelyengaged by the second rotatable drive shaft upon the first rotatabledrive shaft moving a functional component into a position correspondingto the at least one of the first and second movement functions.

In an embodiment, the surgical attachment of the surgical systemincludes a jaw portion coupled to a shaft portion, wherein at least oneof the first and second movement functions includes moving, uponactuation via the at least one motor unit of the second rotatable driveshaft, a jaw portion of the surgical device relative to a shaft portionof the surgical device. Actuation via the at least one motor unit of thesecond rotatable drive shaft in a first rotational direction may causepivotal movement of the jaw portion in a first rotational directionrelative to the shaft portion, and actuation via the at least one motorunit of the second rotatable drive shaft in a second rotationaldirection may cause pivotal movement of the jaw portion in a secondrotational direction that is opposite the first rotational directionrelative to the shaft portion. The jaw portion and the shaft portion maydefine respective longitudinal axes, and the jaw portion may pivotrelative to a shaft portion about a longitudinal axis that isperpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the jaw portion and the shaftportion. The first or second driver may include at least one gear thatis selectively engaged by the second rotatable drive shaft upon thefirst rotatable drive shaft moving a functional component into aposition corresponding to the at least one of the first and secondmovement functions.

In an embodiment, the surgical attachment of the surgical system mayinclude a jaw portion that includes a first jaw and a second jaw inopposed correspondence with each other, and the first or second movementfunction may include moving, upon actuation via the at least one motorunit of the second rotatable drive shaft, the first jaw relative to thesecond jaw. Actuation via the at least one motor unit of the secondrotatable drive shaft in a first rotational direction may cause movementof the first jaw in a first rotational direction relative to the secondjaw, and actuation via the at least one motor unit of the secondrotatable drive shaft in a second rotational direction may cause pivotalmovement of the first jaw in a second rotational direction that isopposite the first rotational direction relative to the second jaw. Thefirst and second jaws define respective longitudinal axes, and the firstjaw may pivot relative to the second jaw about a longitudinal axis thatis perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the first and second jaws.The first or second driver may include at least one gear that isselectively engaged by the second rotatable drive shaft upon the firstrotatable drive shaft moving a functional component into a positioncorresponding to the at least one of the first and second movementfunctions.

In an embodiment, the surgical attachment of the surgical systemincludes a first jaw and a second jaw in opposed correspondence with thefirst jaw, the second jaw including a surgical member, wherein at leastone of the first and second movement functions includes driving, uponactuation via the at least one motor unit of the second rotatable driveshaft, the surgical member within the second jaw. Actuation via the atleast one motor unit of the second rotatable drive shaft in a firstrotational direction may cause movement of the surgical member in afirst direction within the second jaw, and actuation via the at leastone motor unit of the second rotatable drive shaft in a secondrotational direction may cause movement of the surgical member in asecond direction that is opposite the first direction within the secondjaw. The surgical member may include at least one of a cutting elementand a stapling element. The first or second driver may include at leastone gear that is selectively engaged by the second rotatable drive shaftupon the first rotatable drive shaft moving a functional component intoa position corresponding to the at least one of the first and secondmovement functions.

In an embodiment, the surgical system of the surgical system may alsoinclude a control system configured to control the motor unit. Thecontrol system may be disposed within a housing. Also, the controlsystem may include at least one control device mounted on the surgicalattachment, and the control device may include a wireless remote controlunit. The surgical attachment may include a position sensorcorresponding to a function component that is moveable by the firstrotatable drive shaft, the sensor outputting a signal corresponding to aposition of the function component. The second rotatable drive shaft maybe configured to be selectively engaged with the first and/or seconddriver based on the position of the function component.

In another embodiment, a surgical device is provided which includes ajaw portion, having a first jaw in opposed correspondence with a secondjaw, the second jaw including a surgical member, a shaft portion coupledto a proximal end of the jaw portion and a handle defining alongitudinal axis. The surgical device may also include a first driverfor rotating the shaft portion of the surgical device relative to, andabout the longitudinal axis of, the handle; a second driver for movingthe jaw portion relative to the shaft portion; a third driver for movingthe first jaw relative to the second jaw; and a fourth driver for movingthe surgical member within the second jaw. In addition, the surgicaldevice may also include a first rotatable drive shaft configured, uponactuation, to cause selective engagement of at least one of the first,second, third and fourth drivers with a second rotatable drive shaft,wherein the second rotatable drive shaft is configured to drive theselectively engaged one of the first, second, third and fourth drivers.

In such an embodiment, the surgical device may be arranged such that,upon the first rotatable drive shaft causing engagement of the firstdriver with the second rotatable drive shaft, actuation of the secondrotatable drive shaft in a first rotational direction causes pivotalmovement of the shaft portion in a first rotational direction relativeto, and about the longitudinal axis of, the handle, and actuation of thesecond rotatable drive shaft in a second rotational direction causespivotal movement of the shaft portion in a second rotational directionthat is opposite the first rotational direction relative to, and aboutthe longitudinal axis of, the handle. Also, the surgical device may bearranged such that, upon the first rotatable drive shaft causingengagement of the second driver with the second rotatable drive shaft,actuation of the second rotatable drive shaft in a first rotationaldirection causes pivotal movement of the jaw portion in a firstrotational direction relative to the shaft portion, and actuation of thesecond rotatable drive shaft in a second rotational direction causespivotal movement of the jaw portion in a second rotational directionthat is opposite the first rotational direction relative to the shaftportion. Further, the surgical device may be arranged such that the jawportion and the shaft portion define respective longitudinal axes, andwherein the jaw portion pivots relative to a shaft portion about alongitudinal axis that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of thejaw portion and the shaft portion.

The surgical device may also be arranged such that, upon the firstrotatable drive shaft causing engagement of the third driver with thesecond rotatable drive shaft, actuation of the second rotatable driveshaft in a first rotational direction causes movement of the first jawin a first rotational direction relative to the second jaw, andactuation of the second rotatable drive shaft in a second rotationaldirection causes pivotal movement of the first jaw in a secondrotational direction that is opposite the first rotational directionrelative to the second jaw. In such an arrangement, the first and secondjaws may define respective longitudinal axes, and the first jaw maypivot relative to the second jaw about a longitudinal axis that isperpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the first and second jaws.

Also, the surgical device may be arranged such that, upon the firstrotatable drive shaft causing engagement of the third driver with thesecond rotatable drive shaft, actuation of the second rotatable driveshaft in a first rotational direction causes movement of the surgicalmember in a first direction within the second jaw, and actuation of thesecond rotatable drive shaft in a second rotational direction causesmovement of the surgical member in a second direction that is oppositethe first direction within the second jaw.

In an embodiment, the first and second rotatable drive shafts may becoupleable to respective drive couplings of an electro-mechanicaldriver. Alternatively, the surgical device may include at least onemotor, the at least one motor configured to rotate the first and secondrotatable drive shafts.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a conventional linear clamping, cuttingand stapling device;

FIG. 2( a) is a perspective view of an example embodiment of anelectro-mechanical driver component, according to the present invention;

FIG. 2( b) is a schematic diagram that illustrates some of thecomponents of a surgical device, according to an example embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 2( c) is a schematic diagram that illustrates some of thecomponents of a surgical device, according to another example embodimentof the present invention;

FIG. 3( a) is a perspective view of a surgical device, according to anexample embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3( b) is a side view, partially in section, that illustrates ahandle of the surgical device, according to an embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 3( c) is a side perspective view, partially in section, thatillustrates additional features of the handle of the surgical device,according to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3( b);

FIGS. 3( d) and 3(e) are side perspective views, partially in section,that illustrates still further features of the handle of the surgicaldevice, according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3( f) is a side perspective view of a distal assembly of thesurgical device, according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4( a) is an exploded perspective view that illustrates a proximalsection of the distal assembly, according to the embodiment illustratedin FIG. 3( f);

FIG. 4( b) is an exploded perspective view that illustrates anintermediate section of the distal assembly, according to the embodimentillustrated in FIG. 3( f);

FIG. 4( c) is an exploded perspective view that illustrates a distalsection of the distal assembly, according to the embodiment illustratedin FIG. 3( f);

FIG. 4( d) is a side perspective view, partially in section, of theintermediate section of the distal assembly, according to the embodimentillustrated in FIG. 3( f);

FIG. 4( e) is an exploded perspective view that illustrates areplaceable staple cartridge, according to an embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 4( f) is a bottom view of the anvil of a first jaw, according to anembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5( a) is a side perspective view, partially in section, of thehandle portion of the surgical device, and particularly the componentsof the handle portion that function to move, e.g., rotate, a shaftportion relative to, and about the longitudinal axis of, a handle,according to the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 3( a) through 3(e);

FIG. 5( b) is a side perspective view, partially in section, of thehandle portion of the surgical device, and particularly the componentsof the handle portion that function to move, e.g., articulate, a jawportion relative to a shaft portion, according to the embodimentillustrated in FIGS. 3( a) through 3(e);

FIG. 5( c) is a side perspective view, partially in section, of thehandle portion of the surgical device, and particularly the componentsof the handle portion that function to move, e.g., clamp by opening andclosing, a first jaw relative to a second jaw, according to theembodiment illustrated in FIGS. 3( a) through 3(e);

FIG. 5( d) is a side perspective view, partially in section, of thehandle portion of the surgical device, and particularly the componentsof the handle portion that function to move a cutting and/or staplingelement, e.g., to drive a staple pushing element and/or cutting bladethrough a section of tissue, according to the embodiment illustrated inFIGS. 3( a) through 3(e);

FIG. 5( e) is a cross-sectional view of a cutting and/or staplingelement of the surgical device 11, according to an embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 6( a) is a side perspective view, partially in section, of theintermediate section of the distal portion of the surgical device, andparticularly the components of the intermediate section that are moved,e.g., rotated, when a shaft portion is rotated relative to, and about alongitudinal axis of, the handle, according to the embodimentillustrated in FIGS. 3( f) and 4(d);

FIG. 6( b) is a side perspective view, partially in section, of theintermediate section of the distal portion of the surgical device, andparticularly the components of the intermediate section that function tomove, e.g., articulate, a jaw portion relative to a shaft portion,according to the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 3( f) and 4(d);

FIG. 6( c) is a side perspective view, partially in section, of theintermediate section of the distal portion of the surgical device, andparticularly the components of the intermediate section that function tomove, e.g., clamp by opening and closing, a first jaw relative to asecond jaw, according to the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 3( f) and4(d);

FIG. 6( d) is a side perspective view, partially in section, of theintermediate section of the distal portion of the surgical device, andparticularly the components of the intermediate section that function tomove a cutting and/or stapling element, e.g., to drive a staple pushingelement and/or cutting blade through a section of tissue, according tothe embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 3( f) and 4(d);

FIG. 7 illustrates a side view, partially in section, of the flexibleshaft, according to another example embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the flexible shaft taken along theline 8-8 illustrated in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 illustrates a rear end view of first coupling, according to anexample embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10, there is seen a front end view of the second coupling of theflexible shaft, according to an example embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 11 illustrates schematically an arrangement of motors, according toan example embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 illustrates a schematic view of the electro-mechanical drivercomponent, according to an example embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of an encoder, according to an exampleembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14 schematically illustrates the memory module, according to anexample embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 15, there is seen a schematic view of a wireless RCU, according toan example embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 16, there is seen a schematic view of a wired RCU, according to anexample embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 17( a) is a side perspective view of such a surgical device,according to an example embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 17( b) is a partial cutaway view of the surgical device of FIG. 17(a), showing additional details of the components internal to the handle;

FIG. 17( c) is a partially cutaway, top perspective view of the surgicaldevice of FIG. 17( a), which illustrates additional details of the drivemechanism;

FIG. 18( a) is an exploded perspective view of a selector gearboxassembly;

FIG. 18( b) is a cross-sectional view of the selector gearbox assemblyof FIG. 18( a);

FIG. 18( c) is a perspective view of the selector gearbox assembly ofFIG. 18( a); and

FIG. 18( d) is a front view of the selector gearbox assembly of FIG. 18(a).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG. 2( b) is a schematic diagram that illustrates some of thecomponents of a surgical device 11, according to an example embodimentof the present invention. The surgical device 11 is configured so as tobe particularly well-suited for insertion into the body of a patient,e.g., via a cannula (not shown). In the embodiment shown, the surgicaldevice 11 is a clamping, cutting and stapling device. The surgicaldevice 11 includes a jaw portion 11 a that is pivotably coupled to ashaft portion 11 b by a hinge portion 11 c. The jaw portion 11 aincludes a first jaw 50 having a distal end 50 a and a proximal end 50b, and a second jaw 80 having a distal end 80 a and a proximal end 80 b.The first jaw 50 and the second jaw 80 are pivotably coupled relative toeach other at or near their respective proximal ends 50 b, 80 b. Asshown, the first jaw 50 and the second jaw 80 are pivotable relative toeach other about pivot axis A. In the example embodiment shown, pivotaxis A is oriented perpendicular to the page. In this arrangement, thejaws are configured such that, upon opening and closing of the first jaw50 relative to the second jaw 80 and at point in the movement of thefirst jaw 50 relative to the second jaw 80, both the first jaw 50 andthe second jaw 80, e.g., their longitudinal axes, remain within a planedefined by the page. It should be understood, however, that the surgicaldevice 11 may instead be configured such that the first jaw 50 and thesecond jaw 80 are pivotable relative to each other about a pivot axisthat is not oriented perpendicular to the page, in which case the firstjaw 50 and the second jaw 80 may move within a plane or planes definedby other than the page.

As mentioned above, the jaw portion 11 a is pivotably coupled to theshaft portion 11 b by the hinge portion 11 c. Specifically, the jawportion 11 a is pivotable relative to the shaft portion 11 b about apivot axis B, which may be positioned at any location on or between thejaw portion 11 a and the shaft portion 11 b, and at any circumferentiallocation relative to the jaw portion 11 a and the shaft portion 11 b. Inthe example embodiment shown, the pivot axis B is oriented vertically,and within the page, in the view shown. In this arrangement, the jawportion 11 a and the shaft portion 11 b are configured such that, uponarticulation of the jaw portion 11 a relative to the shaft portion 11 band at any point in the movement of the jaw portion 11 a relative to theshaft portion 11 b, the jaw portion 11 a and the shaft portion 11 bremain within a plane that is perpendicular to the pivot axis B. Itshould be recognized that, in other example embodiments, the pivot axisB may have a different orientation, so as to enable the jaw portion 11 ato pivot within a different plane. The jaw portion 11 a may be pivotableto and between any angles relative to the shaft portion 11 b, such thatthe jaw portion 11 a can be selectively positioned as desired duringuse.

Furthermore, the surgical device 11 may provide rotation of variouscomponents about a longitudinal axis of the surgical device 11. Forexample, in various embodiments, the jaw and/or shaft portions 11 a, 11b may be rotatable relative to a handle 1103 (described in additionaldetail below), that is attached to a proximal end of the shaft portion11 b, about a longitudinal axis D of the handle 1103, e.g., thelongitudinal axis D of the handle 1103 at the point where the handle1103 meets the shaft portion 11 b.

The shaft portion 11 b may include a distal portion 1101 a, to which thejaw portion 11 a is connected, and a proximal portion 1101 b, which maybe connected to the handle 1103. For the purposes of clarity, the handle1103 is shown in FIG. 2( b) schematically; further details of the handle1103, according to various embodiments of the present invention, are setforth in connection with, e.g., FIGS. 5( a) through 5(d). Generally, thehandle 1103 provides a device with which a user may grasp and operatethe surgical device 11. The handle 1103 has a proximal portion 1102. Atthe proximal portion 1102, the handle 1103 may include a connectionelement 1104, e.g., a quick-connect coupling, for connecting to aflexible shaft (described in further detail below).

The second jaw 80 includes a clamping surface 106. The second jaw 80also includes a cutting and stapling element 104, which may form atleast part of the clamping surface 106 of the second jaw 80. The firstjaw 50 includes an anvil member 700 in opposed correspondence with thesecond jaw 80. The anvil member 700 includes the clamping surface 108,which, along with the clamping surface 106 of the second jaw 80, clampsa section of tissue to be cut and stapled. As explained in greaterdetail below, the cutting and stapling element 104 is configured to cutand staple a section of tissue when the first jaw 50 and the second jaw80 are in a closed, e.g., fully closed, position. Additional features ofthe cutting and stapling element 104, according to an embodiment, areillustrated and described, for instance, in connection with FIGS. 3( f)and 3(g) below, and further in U.S. patent application Ser. No.09/999,546, filed Nov. 30, 2001 (now U.S. Pat. No. 7,695,485), and U.S.patent application Ser. No. 10/460,291, filed Jun. 11, 2003 (now U.S.Pat. No. 7,743,960), each of which, as set forth above, are herebyexpressly incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

Various drivers may be employed to drive the movements of the surgicaldevice 11, e.g., pivoting the first jaw 50 relative to the second jaw80, firing of a staple cartridge, pivoting the jaw portion 11 a relativeto the shaft portion 11 b, rotating the jaw and shaft portions 11 a, 11b or some part thereof around the longitudinal axis of the shaft portion11 b, etc. According to an embodiment of the present invention, thesefunctions are performed by connection of the surgical device 11 to aflexible shaft having two rotatable drive shafts, although is should berecognized that in other embodiments, different types and/or a differentnumber of drive components may be employed.

FIG. 2( b) illustrates schematically that the handle 1103 includes afunction selector module 1110. Additional details of the functionselector module 1110 are set forth below. Generally, the functionselector module 1110 is actuatable by a first rotatable drive shaft 1110a so as to move between a plurality of different functional positions.In the embodiment shown, the function selector module 1110 is actuatableby the first rotatable drive shaft 1110 a between four differentfunctional positions, each of which is set forth more fully below. Thefunction selector module 1110 is configured such that, in each one ofthe different functional positions, the function selector module 1110causes engagement of a second rotatable drive shaft 1110 b with aselected one of various drivers 88, 98, 201, 202 of the surgical device11. Each one of the drivers 88, 98, 201, 202 is configured to perform,upon engagement with and operation of the second rotatable drive shaft1110 b, a particular function of the surgical device 11, as set forthbelow.

As set forth above, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2( b), the handle1103 includes a connection element 1104, which enables the firstrotatable drive shaft 1110 a to be coupled to the third rotatable driveshaft 94 via the first drive socket 654. The third rotatable drive shaft94 is in turn coupled to, or coupleable to, a first motor 96. In thismanner, operation of the first motor 96 to rotate the third rotatabledrive shaft 94, the first drive socket 654 and first rotatable driveshaft 1110 a may actuate the function selection module 1110.

Also, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2( b), the connection element 1104of the handle 1103 may enable the second rotatable drive shaft 1110 b tobe coupled to a fourth rotatable drive shaft 102 via a second drivesocket 694. The fourth rotatable drive shaft 102 is in turn coupled to,or coupleable to, a second motor 100. In this manner, operation of thesecond motor 100 to rotate the fourth rotatable drive shaft 102, thesecond drive socket 694 and second rotatable drive shaft 1110 b maydrive the particular driver mechanism that has previously been selectedby the operation of the function selection module 1110.

In an embodiment, a first function that may be performed by the surgicaldevice 11 is to rotate the shaft portion 11 b about longitudinal axis Drelative to the handle 1103, e.g., to operate a rotation gear within thehandle 1103 so as to rotate the shaft portion 11 b about longitudinalaxis D relative to the handle 1103. To perform this function, thefunction selection module 1110 may initially be positioned in a firstselection position by the actuation of the first rotatable drive shaft1110 a by the first motor 96 (and by the rotation of third rotatabledrive shaft 94 and the first drive socket 654 engaged therebetween).Once the function selection module 1110 is positioned in the firstselection position, the function selection module 1110 causes therotation driver 202 to be engaged with the second motor 100 (via thefourth rotatable drive shaft 102 and the second drive socket 694 engagedtherebetween), such that operation of the second motor 100 actuates therotation driver 202. In the embodiment described herein, the rotationdriver 202, when actuated by the second motor 100 (via the fourthrotatable drive shaft 102 and the second drive socket 694 engagedtherebetween), may operate to rotate the shaft portion 11 b aboutlongitudinal axis D relative to the handle 1103, e.g., to operate arotation gear within the handle 1103 so as to rotate the shaft portion11 b about longitudinal axis D relative to the handle 1103, in additionto performing other operations of the surgical device 11. The rotationdriver 202 may include any type of drive mechanism capable of rotatingthe shaft portion 11 b about longitudinal axis D relative to the handle1103, e.g., of operating a rotation gear within the handle 1103 so as torotate the shaft portion 11 b about longitudinal axis D relative to thehandle 1103. The rotation driver 202 may be situated in the distalportion of the handle 1103 and may engage the shaft portion 11 b for thepurposes of moving the shaft portion 11 b relative to the handle 1103.Additional details of the rotation driver 202, in accordance with anexample embodiment of the present invention, are set forth in greaterdetail below.

In an embodiment, a second function that may be performed by thesurgical device 11 is to move the jaw portion 11 a relative to the shaftportion 11 b, e.g., to pivot the jaw portion 11 a about axis B relativeto the shaft portion 11 b. To perform this function, the functionselection module 1110 may initially be positioned in a second selectionposition by the actuation of the first rotatable drive shaft 1110 a bythe first motor 96 (and by the rotation of third rotatable drive shaft94 and the first drive socket 654 engaged therebetween). Once thefunction selection module 1110 is positioned in the second selectionposition, the function selection module 1110 causes the articulationdriver 201 to be engaged with the second motor 100 (via the fourthrotatable drive shaft 102 and the second drive socket 694 engagedtherebetween), such that operation of the second motor 100 actuates thearticulation driver 201. In the embodiment described herein, thearticulation driver 201, when actuated by the second motor 100 (via thefourth rotatable drive shaft 102 and the second drive socket 694 engagedtherebetween), may operate to move the jaw portion 11 a relative to theshaft portion 11 b, e.g., to pivot the jaw portion 11 a about axis Brelative to the shaft portion 11 b, in addition to performing otheroperations of the surgical device 11. The articulation driver 201 mayinclude any type of drive mechanism capable of the jaw portion 11 arelative to the shaft portion 11 b, e.g., to pivot the jaw portion 11 aabout axis B relative to the shaft portion 11 b. The articulation driver201 may be situated in the distal portion 1101 a of the shaft portion 11b and may engage the jaw portion 11 a for the purposes of moving the jawportion 11 a relative to the shaft portion 11 b. Additional details ofthe articulation driver 201, in accordance with an example embodiment ofthe present invention, are set forth in greater detail below.

In an embodiment, a third function that may be performed by the surgicaldevice 11 is to move, e.g., open and close by pivoting or any otherconceivable relative movement, the first jaw 50 relative to the secondjaw 80. To perform this function, the function selection module 1110 mayinitially be positioned in a third selection position by the actuationof the first rotatable drive shaft 1110 a by the first motor 96 (and bythe rotation of third rotatable drive shaft 94 and the first drivesocket 654 engaged therebetween). Once the function selection module1110 is positioned in the third selection position, the functionselection module 1110 causes the clamping driver 88 to be engaged withthe second motor 100 (via the fourth rotatable drive shaft 102 and thesecond drive socket 694 engaged therebetween), such that operation ofthe second motor 100 actuates the clamping driver 88. In the embodimentdescribed herein, the clamping driver 88, when actuated by the secondmotor 100 (via the fourth rotatable drive shaft 102 and the second drivesocket 694 engaged therebetween), may operate to move, e.g., open andclose, the first jaw 50 relative to the second jaw 80, in addition toperforming other operations of the surgical device 11. The clampingdriver 88 may include any type of drive mechanism capable of moving thefirst jaw 50 and the second jaw 80 relative to each other. The clampingdriver 88 may be situated at least partially in the proximal end 80 b ofthe second jaw 80 and may be connected to the proximal end 50 b of thefirst jaw 50 so as to engage the proximal end 50 b of the first jaw 50for opening and closing the first jaw 50 relative to the second jaw 80.Additional details of the clamping driver 88, in accordance with anexample embodiment of the present invention, are set forth in greaterdetail below.

In an embodiment, a fourth function that may be performed by thesurgical device 11 is to move a cutting and/or stapling element, e.g.,to drive a staple pushing element and/or cutting blade through a sectionof tissue such as by turning a threaded drive shaft of the cutting andstapling element 104. To perform this function, the function selectionmodule 1110 may initially be positioned in a fourth selection positionby the actuation of the first rotatable drive shaft 1110 a by the firstmotor 96 (and by the rotation of third rotatable drive shaft 94 and thefirst drive socket 654 engaged therebetween). Once the functionselection module 1110 is positioned in the fourth selection position,the function selection module 1110 causes the firing driver 98 to beengaged with the second motor 100 (via the fourth rotatable drive shaft102 and the second drive socket 694 engaged therebetween), such thatoperation of the second motor 100 actuates the second driver 88. In theembodiment described herein, the second driver 88, when actuated by thesecond motor 100 (via the fourth rotatable drive shaft 102 and thesecond drive socket 694 engaged therebetween), may operate to move acutting and/or stapling element, e.g., to drive a staple pushing elementand/or cutting blade through a section of tissue, in addition toperforming other operations of the surgical device 11. The firing driver98 may include any type of drive mechanism capable of moving a cuttingand/or stapling element, e.g., driving a staple pushing element and/orcutting blade through a section of tissue. The firing driver 88 may besituated between the proximal end 80 b and the distal end 80 a of thesecond jaw 80 so as to cut and/or staple a section of tissue disposedbetween the first jaw 50 and the second jaw 80. Additional details ofthe firing driver 98, in accordance with an example embodiment of thepresent invention, are set forth in greater detail below.

It should be recognized that, while two drive sockets, e.g., the firstdrive socket 654 and the second drive socket 694, and two correspondingdrive shafts, e.g., the first drive shaft 94 and the second drive shaft102, are illustrated as being part of the surgical device 11 and asbeing for the purposes of, e.g., moving and positioning certaincomponents of the surgical device 11 relative to other components and/orclamping, cutting and stapling a section of tissue, it is possible toprovide any suitable number of drive sockets and drive shafts. Forexample, a single drive shaft, or more than two drive shafts, may beprovided to perform the above-described functions of the surgical device11.

The drive shafts, e.g., the first and second rotatable drive shafts 94and 102 and any other drive shafts, may be housed within a flexibledrive shaft, such as the flexible drive shaft 1620 illustrated in FIG.2( a). Other types of flexible drive shafts may also be employed. Forinstance, the drive shafts may be housed within a flexible drive shaftof the type described and illustrated in U.S. Provisional PatentApplication No. 60/703,227, filed Jul. 27, 2006 and entitled “FlexibleShaft for an Electro-Mechanical Surgical Device,” which is expresslyincorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

Referring to FIG. 2( b), the surgical device 11 may also include amemory module 6041. In an embodiment, the memory module 6041 isconnected to or integral with the cutting and stapling element 104. Thememory module 6041 is connected to a data connector 1272 by a datatransfer cable 1278. Additional features of these components are setforth in connection with, e.g., FIGS. 3( f) and 7.

Furthermore, FIG. 2( b) also illustrates a connection element 1104. Theconnection element 1104 may include a quick connect sleeve 713 that hasquick connect slots 713 a that engage complementary quick connectelements 1664 of a flexible drive shaft 1620, which is described infurther detail below. In order to retain the quick connect elements 1664of the flexible drive shaft 1620 in the quick connect slots 713 a of thequick connect sleeve 713, the connection element 1104 may also include aspring.

Also, it should be recognized that the motors employed to drive thefirst and second rotatable drive shafts 1110 a and 1110 b may beintegral with the surgical device 11. For example, FIG. 2( c) is aschematic diagram that illustrates an alternative arrangement of thesurgical device 11, according to another example embodiment of thepresent invention. In this embodiment, first motor 961 and second motor1001 are arranged within the handle 1103, such that the first and secondrotatable drive shafts 1110 a and 1110 b are connected to the first andsecond motors 961, 1001, respectively.

According to an example embodiment of the present invention, thesurgical device 11 may be configured as an attachment to, or may beintegral with, an electro-mechanical surgical system, such as theelectro-mechanical driver component 1610 having a motor systemillustrated in FIG. 2( a). It should be appreciated that, in thisexample embodiment, any appropriate number of motors may be provided,and the motors may operate via battery power, line current, a DC powersupply, an electronically controlled DC power supply, etc. It shouldalso be appreciated that the motors may be connected to a DC powersupply, which is in turn connected to line current and which suppliesthe operating current to the motors. In another example embodiment, thesurgical device may be an attachment to, or may integral with, amechanical driver system.

FIG. 3( a) is a perspective view of a surgical device 11, according toan embodiment of the present invention. As set forth above, FIGS. 3( a)to 3(e) illustrate an embodiment of the present invention in which twodrive shafts are configured to be employed to rotate the shaft portion11 b relative to, and about the longitudinal axis of, the handle 1103;to move, e.g., articulate, the jaw portion 11 a relative to the shaftportion 11 b; to move, e.g., open or close, the first jaw 50 relative tothe second jaw 80; and to fire a stapling and cutting cartridge. In theposition shown in FIG. 3( a), the jaw portion 11 a is positioned at anangle of approximately 60 degrees relative to the shaft portion 11 b.The jaw portion 11 a may be appropriately positioned according to theincision made in the patient and to the position of the tissue desiredto be clamped, cut and/or stapled.

As set forth above, FIG. 3( b) is a side view, partially in section,that illustrates the handle 1103 of the surgical device, according to anembodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3( c) is a side perspectiveview, partially in section, that illustrates additional features of thehandle of the surgical device, according to the embodiment illustratedin FIG. 3( b). FIGS. 3( d) and 3(e) are side perspective views,partially in section, that illustrates still further features of thehandle of the surgical device, according to an embodiment of the presentinvention.

Referring now to FIG. 3( b), it is illustrated that the handle 1103includes the first rotatable drive shaft 1110 a which extends from aproximal end of the handle 1103 inwardly. The first rotatable driveshaft 1110 a has a longitudinally-arranged bore in which a proximal endof a selector shaft 601 is arranged. Advantageously, thelongitudinally-arranged bore of the first rotatable drive shaft 1110 aand the proximal end of a selector shaft 601 are correspondingly sizedand shaped such that, when engaged, rotation of the first rotatabledrive shaft 1110 a causes rotation of the selector shaft 601. Inaddition, the proximal end of the selector shaft 601 is inserted througha spring 603, and is maintained in position between a longitudinal stopof the selector shaft 601 and the first rotatable drive shaft 1110 a.The spring 603 functions to bias the first rotatable drive shaft 1110 ais a proximal direction.

A distal-most end of the selector shaft 601 is rotatably mounted withinan orifice of a fixed interior wall 605 of the handle, the fixedinterior wall 605 of the handle 1103 being perpendicular to thelongitudinal axis of the selector shaft 601. The selector shaft 601 alsoincludes, along a length that is adjacent to the distal-most endthereof, a threaded portion 607. A function selector block 609 has athreaded bore that extends longitudinally therethrough. The threadedportion 607 of the selector shaft 601 extends through the threaded boreof the function selector block 609 such that the function selector block609 is mounted thereon. The function selector block 609 is keyed to aninterior surface of the handle such that, upon rotation of the selectorshaft 601, the threaded engagement of the threaded portion 607 of theselector shaft 601 within the threaded bore of the function selectorblock 609 causes the function selector block 609 to move distally andproximally along the selector shaft 601.

FIG. 3( b) also illustrates that the handle 1103 includes the secondrotatable drive shaft 1110 b which extends from a proximal end of thehandle 1103 inwardly. The second rotatable drive shaft 1110 b has alongitudinally-arranged bore into which a proximal end of a functionshaft 611 is arranged. Advantageously, the longitudinally-arranged boreof the second rotatable drive shaft 1110 b and the proximal end of thefunction shaft 611 are correspondingly sized and shaped such that, whenengaged, rotation of the second rotatable drive shaft 1110 b causesrotation of the function shaft 611. In addition, the proximal end of thefunction shaft 611 is inserted through a spring 613, and is maintainedin position between a longitudinal stop of the function shaft 611 andthe second rotatable drive shaft 1110 b. The spring 613 functions tobias the second rotatable drive shaft 1110 b in a proximal direction.

A distal-most end of the function shaft 611 is rotatably mounted withinan orifice of a fixed interior wall 615 of the handle, the fixedinterior wall 615 of the handle 1103 being perpendicular to thelongitudinal axis of the function shaft 611. The function shaft 611 alsoincludes, along a length that is adjacent to the distal-most endthereof, a fire spur gear 617. Located along the function shaft 611 in aposition that is proximal relative to the fire spur gear 617 is an inputspur gear 619. The fire spur gear 617 and the input spur gear 619 eachhave respective outer circumferential gear teeth 6171, 6191. Alsorotatably mounted within an orifice of a fixed interior wall 615 of thehandle is a secondary fire spur gear 618. The secondary fire spur gear618 has outer circumferential gear teeth 6181 that are meshingly engagedwith the outer circumferential gear teeth 6191 of the fire spur gear619.

Extending distally from the function selector block 609 is a gear shaft621. Arranged at varying longitudinal positions along the gear shaft 621are various gears. For example, at a longitudinal position along thegear shaft 621 that is most nearly adjacent to the function selectorblock 609 is a rotation spur gear 623. The rotation spur gear 623includes outer circumferential gear teeth 6231. The outercircumferential gear teeth 6231 engage the outer circumferential gearteeth 6191 of the input spur gear 619. In an embodiment, the rotationspur gear 623 and the input spur gear 619 provides a 4:1 gear ratiorelative to each other. Of course, it should be recognized that anysuitable gear ratio may be employed. Also, at a longitudinal positionalong the gear shaft 621 that is distal relative to the rotation spurgear 623 is a fire spur gear 625. The fire spur gear 625 includes outercircumferential gear teeth 6251. The outer circumferential gear teeth6251 of the fire spur gear 625 engage the outer circumferential gearteeth 6171 of the fire spur gear 617. In addition, at a longitudinalposition along the gear shaft 621 that is distal relative to the firespur gear 625 is a clamping spur gear 627. The clamping spur gear 627includes outer circumferential gear teeth 6271. At a longitudinalposition along the gear shaft 621 that is distal relative to theclamping spur gear 627 is an articulation spur gear 629. Thearticulation spur gear 629 includes outer circumferential gear teeth6291. Still further, at a longitudinal position along the gear shaft 621that is distal relative to the articulation spur gear 629 is a rotationspur gear 631. The rotation spur gear 631 includes outer circumferentialgear teeth 6311.

The handle 1103 also includes a rotation gear shaft 633. A proximal endof the rotation gear shaft 633 is rotatably mounted within an orifice ofa fixed interior wall 635 of the handle 1103, the fixed interior wall635 of the handle 1103 being generally perpendicular to the longitudinalaxis of the rotation gear shaft 633. A distal end of the rotation gearshaft 633 is rotatably mounted within an orifice of a fixed interiorwall 637 of the handle 1103, the fixed interior wall 637 of the handle1103 also being generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of therotation gear shaft 633. The rotation gear shaft 633 includes, along alength that is adjacent to its proximal end, a rotation spur gear 639.The rotation spur gear 639 has outer circumferential gear teeth 6391.The rotation gear shaft 633 also includes, along a length that isadjacent to its distal end, a rotation worm gear 641. The rotation wormgear 641 has outer circumferential worm gear teeth 6411.

A rotation gear 643 is rotatably mounted to a fixed interior wall 645 ofthe handle 1103. Advantageously, the rotation gear 643 is rotatablymounted about a pivot axis that is perpendicular to a longitudinal axisof the rotation gear shaft 633. The rotation gear 643 has outercircumferential gear teeth 6431 that are meshingly engaged with theouter circumferential worm gear teeth 6411 of the rotation worm gear641. In an embodiment, the rotation gear 643 and the rotation worm gear641 provide a 45:1 gear ratio relative to each other. Of course, itshould be recognized that any suitable gear ratio may be employed.Mounted to a surface of the rotation gear 643, and configured to rotatetherewith, is a rotation miter gear 644. The rotation miter gear 644 hasmiter gear teeth 6441.

The handle 1103 also includes a second rotation gear shaft 665. Thesecond rotation gear shaft 665 is maintained within the handle 1103 by achannel 667 in which the second rotation gear shaft 665 islongitudinally and rotatably maintained. A proximal end of the secondrotation gear shaft 665 includes a rotation miter gear 669. The rotationmiter gear 669 has miter gear teeth 6691. The miter gear teeth 6691 ofthe rotation miter gear 669 are meshingly engaged with the miter gearteeth 6441 of the miter gear 644.

A distal end of the second rotation gear shaft 665 is rotatably mountedwithin an orifice of a fixed interior wall 671 of the handle 1103, thefixed interior wall 671 of the handle 1103 being generally perpendicularto the longitudinal axis of the second clamping gear shaft 665. Thesecond rotation gear shaft 665 also includes, along a length that isadjacent to its distal end, a rotation spur gear 673. The rotation spurgear 673 has outer circumferential gear teeth 6731.

Mounted within a mouth 675 at the distal-most end of the handle 1103 isa rotating tube 677. Longitudinal stops maintain the rotating tube 677longitudinally within the mouth 675. The distal end of the rotating tube677 extends to the tube housing 523. The proximal end of the rotatingtube 677 includes a rotating tube spur gear 679. The rotating tube spurgear 679 has outer circumferential gear teeth 6791. The outercircumferential gear teeth 6791 of the rotating tube spur gear 679 aremeshingly engaged with the outer circumferential gear teeth 6731 of therotation spur gear 673. In an embodiment, the rotation spur gear 673 andthe rotating tube spur gear 679 provides a 1.4:1 gear ratio relative toeach other. Of course, it should be recognized that any suitable gearratio may be employed.

FIG. 5( b) illustrates, partially in section, a side perspective viewthat is opposite from the side view provided in FIG. 3( b). FIG. 5( b)illustrates additional components of the handle 1103 that are hiddenfrom view in FIG. 3( b). Referring now to FIG. 5( b), there is shown anarticulation gear shaft 685. A proximal end of the articulation gearshaft 685 is rotatably mounted within an orifice of a fixed interiorwall (shown in phantom) of the handle 1103, the fixed interior wall ofthe handle 1103 being generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axisof the articulation gear shaft 685. A distal end of the articulationgear shaft 685 is rotatably mounted within an orifice of another fixedinterior wall (also shown in phantom) of the handle 1103, this fixedinterior wall of the handle 1103 also being generally perpendicular tothe longitudinal axis of the articulation gear shaft 685. Thearticulation gear shaft 685 includes, along a length that is adjacent toits proximal end, an articulation spur gear 687. The articulation spurgear 687 has outer circumferential gear teeth 6871. The outercircumferential gear teeth 6871 of the articulation spur gear 687 aremeshingly engaged with the outer circumferential gear teeth 6291 of thearticulation spur gear 629. The articulation gear shaft 685 alsoincludes, along a length that is adjacent to its distal end,articulation worm gear 689. The articulation worm gear 689 has outercircumferential worm gear teeth 6891.

An articulation gear 691 is rotatably mounted to a fixed interior wall693 of the handle 1103. Advantageously, the articulation gear 691 isrotatably mounted about a pivot axis that is perpendicular to alongitudinal axis of the articulation gear shaft 685. The articulationgear 691 has outer circumferential gear teeth 6911 that are meshinglyengaged with the outer circumferential worm gear teeth 6891 of thearticulation worm gear 689. In an embodiment, the articulation gear 691and the articulation worm gear 689 provide a 11.25:1 gear ratio relativeto each other. Of course, it should be recognized that any suitable gearratio may be employed.

Referring back again to FIG. 3( b), there are shown additional featuresof the handle 1103 that contribute to the articulation function. Forexample, mounted to a surface of the articulation gear 691, andconfigured to rotate therewith, is a first articulation miter gear 692.The first articulation miter gear 692 has miter gear teeth 6921.

The handle 1103 also includes a second articulation gear shaft 693. Thesecond articulation gear shaft 693 is rotatably maintained within thehandle 1103 by a channel 694. A proximal end of the second articulationgear shaft 693 forms a threaded rod 695. Mounted on the threaded rod 695is a second articulation miter gear 696, which is mounted within thehandle 696 by an articulation miter gear support 697. The secondarticulation miter gear 696 has miter gear teeth 6961. The miter gearteeth 6961 of the second articulation miter gear 696 are meshinglyengaged with the miter gear teeth 6921 of the first articulation mitergear 692. The articulation gear support 697 maintains the longitudinaland radial positions of the second articulation miter gear 696 withinthe handle 1103, while allowing the second articulation miter gear 696to rotate about its longitudinal axis. The second articulation mitergear 696 defines a longitudinally-arranged threaded bore, the threadedrod 695 of the second articulation gear shaft 693 engaging thelongitudinally-arranged threaded bore of the second articulation mitergear 696.

The distal end of the second articulation gear shaft 693 extends througha longitudinally-defined opening through the center region of therotating tube spur gear 679 and passes through the rotating tube 677 atthe mouth 675 of the handle 1103 so as to eventually form thearticulation shaft 525 (as shown in FIG. 4( a)). By virtue of thethreaded engagement between the threaded rod 695 of the secondarticulation gear shaft 693 and the longitudinally-arranged threadedbore of the second articulation miter gear 696, rotation of the secondarticulation miter gear 696 causes selective movement in either a distalor proximal direction of the second articulation gear shaft 693 relativeto the handle 1103.

Referring to FIG. 3( b), the handle 1103 also includes a clamping gearshaft 651. A proximal end of the clamping gear shaft 651 is rotatablymounted within an orifice of a fixed interior wall 653 of the handle1103, the fixed interior wall 653 of the handle 1103 being generallyperpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the clamping gear shaft 651.The clamping gear shaft 651 includes, along a length that is adjacent toits distal end, a clamping spur gear 655. The clamping spur gear 655 hasouter circumferential gear teeth 6551. The clamping gear shaft 651 alsoincludes at its distal end a first clamping miter gear 657. The firstclamping miter gear 657 has miter gear teeth 6571.

A second clamping miter gear 659 is rotatably mounted to a fixedinterior wall 663 of the handle 1103. Advantageously, the secondclamping miter gear 659 is rotatably mounted about a pivot axis that isperpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the clamping gear shaft 651. Thesecond clamping miter gear 659 has miter gear teeth 6591 that aremeshingly engaged with the miter gear teeth 6571 of the first clampingmiter gear 657.

Also, the handle 1103 includes a second clamping gear shaft 681. Aproximal end of the second clamping gear shaft 681 includes a thirdclamping miter gear 661. The third clamping miter gear 661 has mitergear teeth 6611 that are meshingly engaged with the miter gear teeth6591 of the second clamping miter gear 659. The distal end of the secondclamping gear shaft 681 extends through a longitudinally-defined openingthrough the center region of the rotating tube spur gear 679 and passesthrough the rotating tube 677 at the mouth 675 of the handle 1103 so asto eventually form the clamping shaft 527 (as shown in FIG. 4( a)).

Referring to FIG. 3( b), the handle 1103 also includes a firing gearshaft 604. Adjacent to its proximal end, the firing gear shaft 604 isrotatably mounted within an orifice of a fixed interior support 606 ofthe handle 1103, the fixed interior support 604 of the handle 1103including as its distal surface the fixed interior wall 606 into whichthe distal end of function shaft 611 is rotatably mounted. The firinggear shaft 604 includes, at its proximal end, a firing spur gear 608.The firing spur gear 608 has outer circumferential gear teeth 6081. Theouter circumferential gear teeth 6081 of the firing spur gear 608 aremeshingly engaged with the outer circumferential gear teeth 6171 of thefiring spur gear 617.

FIG. 5( d) illustrates, partially in section, a side perspective viewthat is opposite from the side view provided in FIG. 3( b). FIG. 5( d)illustrates additional components of the handle 1103 that are hiddenfrom view in FIG. 3( b). Referring now to FIG. 5( d), the firing gearshaft 604 includes, at its distal end, a first firing miter gear 610.The first firing miter gear 610 has miter gear teeth 6101.

A second firing miter gear 612 is rotatably mounted to a fixed interiorwall 616 of the handle 1103. Advantageously, the second firing mitergear 612 is rotatably mounted about a pivot axis that is perpendicularto a longitudinal axis of the firing gear shaft 604. The second firingmiter gear 612 has miter gear teeth 6121 that are meshingly engaged withthe miter gear teeth 6101 of the first firing miter gear 610.

Also, the handle 1103 includes a second firing gear shaft 618. Aproximal end of the second firing gear shaft 618 includes a third firingmiter gear 614. The third firing miter gear 614 has miter gear teeth6141 that are meshingly engaged with the miter gear teeth 6121 of thesecond firing miter gear 612. The distal end of the second firing gearshaft 618 extends through a longitudinally-defined opening through thecenter region of the rotating tube spur gear 679 and passes through therotating tube 677 at the mouth 675 of the handle 1103 so as toeventually form the firing shaft 529 (as shown in FIG. 4( a)).

FIG. 3( b) also illustrates that, in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present invention, the surgical device 11 may include opticalfunction sensors 3001, 3002, 3003 and 3004. These optical sensors 3001,3002, 3003 and 3004 may each include a diode, e.g., LEDs, that provideslight out of a respective hole of wall 3005. Movement of the functionselector block 609 via the threaded portion 607 of the selector shaft601, selectively blocks the transmission of light from one of the diodesof the sensors 3001, 3002, 3003 and 3004. This blocking of thetransmission of light enables the surgical device 11 to determine whichone of the four above-described functional positions the functionselector block 609 is in, and therefore to control the operation of thesurgical device 11 accordingly. In other words, depending on theposition of the function selector block 609, corresponding signals toand from various ones of the optical sensors 3001, 3002, 3003 and 3004are blocked, thereby providing a suitable controller with an indicationwhen the surgical device 11 is satisfactorily positioned in one of thefour above-described functional positions, e.g., rotation, articulation,opening/closing of the jaws relative to each other, and firing thecutting and/or stapling mechanism.

FIG. 3( b) also illustrates that, in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present invention, the surgical device 11 may include arotation/articulation control device 3006. In an embodiment, therotation/articulation control device 3006 may be a joystick-type devicethat is suitably positioned, e.g., on a top surface of the handle 1103,and sized so as to be actuatable by an operator's thumb when theoperator is holding the handle 1103. Also, FIG. 3( b) illustrates that,in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the surgicaldevice 11 may include an open/close/fire control device 3007. In anembodiment, the open/close/fire control device 3007 may be atrigger-type device that is suitably positioned, e.g., on a bottomsurface of the handle 1103, and sized so as to be actuatable by anoperator's forefinger when the operator is holding the handle 1103. Theoperation of the rotation/articulation control device 3006 and theopen/close/fire control device 3007 are described in addition detailbelow.

FIGS. 3( f), 4(a) through 4(c) and 4(d) collectively illustrate thecomponents of the surgical device that are distal relative to the handle1103. For example, FIG. 3( f) is a side perspective view of a distalassembly of the surgical device 11, as assembled, according to anembodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4( a) is an explodedperspective view that illustrates a proximal section of this distalassembly, according to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3( f).

For example, FIG. 4( a) illustrates a proximal pivot housing 503 havinga pair of longitudinally arranged orifices, each one of which isconfigured to receive a respective one of a pair of threaded screws 501a, 501 b. The proximal pivot housing 503 also houses a pair of inputbevel gears 505 a, 505 b, each one of which is configured to be insertedinto a respective one of a pair of ball bearings 507 a, 507 b.Proximally arranged relative to the proximal pivot housing 503 is a tubehousing 523.

Each one of the pair of input bevel gears 505 a, 505 b includes alongitudinally arranged orifice at its proximal end. Arranged proximallyrelative to the first ball bearing 507 a is a bevel thrust block 509.The bevel thrust block 509 has a longitudinally-arranged boretherethrough. A distal end of a clamp shaft 527 is configured to extendthrough a longitudinally-arranged opening of the tube housing 523,through the longitudinally-arranged bore of the bevel thrust block 509,through the longitudinally-arranged bore of the ball bearing 507 a, andto engage the longitudinally-arranged orifice at the proximal end of theinput bevel gear 505 a. Advantageously, the distal end of a clamp shaft527 and the longitudinally-arranged orifice at the proximal end of theinput bevel gear 505 a are correspondingly sized and shaped such that,when engaged, rotation of the clamp shaft 527 causes rotation of theinput bevel gear 505 a.

Also, proximally arranged relative to the second ball bearing 507 b is abevel thrust block 511. The outer circumferential surface of the bevelthrust block 511 includes a circular-shaped notch 5111 which isconfigured to have seated therein an articulation thrust pin 513. Aproximal articulation gear 515 has a central orifice into which thearticulation thrust pin 513 is configured to be inserted from below. Thebevel thrust block 511 also has a longitudinally-arranged boretherethrough. A distal end of a firing shaft 529 is configured to extendthrough a longitudinally-arranged opening of the tube housing 523,through the longitudinally-arranged bore of the bevel thrust block 511,and to engage the longitudinally-arranged orifice at the proximal end ofthe input bevel gear 505 b. Advantageously, the distal end of a firingshaft 529 and the longitudinally-arranged orifice at the proximal end ofthe input bevel gear 505 b are correspondingly sized and shaped suchthat, when engaged, rotation of the firing shaft 529 causes rotation ofthe input bevel gear 505 b.

The tube housing 503 has a pair of vertically-aligned bores 5031 at itsdistal end. In addition, the tube housing 503 has a suitably shaped slotat its distal end to receive a portion of the proximal articulation gear515. In addition to the articulation thrust pin 513 which is configuredto be inserted from below into the central orifice of the proximalarticulation gear 515, the central orifice of the articulation gear 515is also suitably sized and shaped so as to receive from above a rackgear 519. The teeth of the rack gear 519 are configured to engage a rack517. The rack 517 extends through a corresponding shapedlongitudinally-arranged opening in the tube housing 513. An orifice atthe proximal end of the rack 517 is configured to receive a distal endof an articulation shaft 525, and is maintained in position relativethereto by a clip 521.

As set forth above, FIG. 4( b) is an exploded perspective view thatillustrates an articulation assembly section of the distal assembly,according to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3( f). FIG. 4( b)illustrates a firing spring 531 which is configured to engage a firinginput bevel gear 533. The firing input bevel gear 533 is configured toextend through a longitudinally-arranged opening in a cartridge housingcoupling 535 and has a bevel gear 5331 at its proximal end. In addition,a clamp screw shaft 537 also extends through a longitudinally-arrangedopening in the cartridge housing coupling 535. Arranged proximallyrelative to the clamp screw shaft 537 is an outer idler gear 539. Theouter idler gear 539 includes a longitudinally-arranged bore throughwhich a proximal end of the clamp screw shaft 537 is configured toextend. The outer idler gear 539 also includes outer circumferentialgear teeth.

FIG. 4( b) also illustrate a combination bevel/spur gear component 541.The combination bevel/spur gear component 541 is configured to berotatably mounted at its distal end 5411 within a correspondingly-sizedand shaped orifice in the cartridge housing coupling 535. In addition,the combination bevel/spur gear component 541 includes, along anintermediate region thereof, a spur gear 5412 having outercircumferential teeth. The outer circumferential teeth of the outeridler gear 539 are configured to meshingly engage with the outercircumferential teeth of the spur gear 5412 of the combinationbevel/spur gear component 541. Also, the combination bevel/spur gearcomponent 541 includes, at its proximal end, a bevel gear 5413.

FIG. 4( b) also illustrates a distal pivot housing 543. The distal pivothousing 543 has a pair of vertically-aligned bores 5431 at its proximalend. Also, the bevel gear 5413 at the distal end of the combinationbevel/spur gear component 541, the outer idler gear 539, and the bevelgear 5331 at the distal end of the fire input bevel component 533 areeach configured to reside within respective longitudinally-arrangedorifices of the distal pivot housing 543. In addition, the distal pivothousing 543 includes a pair of longitudinally arranged orifices, eachone of which is configured to receive a respective one of a pair ofthreaded screws 545 a, 545 b.

The distal pivot housing 543 has a suitably shaped slot at its distalend to receive a portion of distal articulation gear 547. The distalarticulation gear 547 defines a central orifice and outercircumferential gear teeth that extend around at least a portion of theouter circumference of the distal articulation gear 547. A pair of idlerbevel gears 549 a, 549 b are arranged on respective opposite upper andlower surfaces of the distal articulation gear. Each one of the pair ofidler bevel gears 549 a, 549 b include a centrally-disposed orificewhich is configured to be aligned with the centrally-disposed orifice ofthe distal articulation gear 547. A hinge pin 551 is configured to bereceived within the pair of vertically-aligned bores 5031 at the distalend of the proximal pivot housing 503, within the pair ofvertically-aligned bores 5431 at the proximal end of the distal pivothousing 543, within the respective centrally-disposed orifices of eachone of the pair of idler bevel gears 549 a, 549 b, and within thecentrally-disposed orifice of the distal articulation gear 547.

As set forth above, FIG. 4( c) is an exploded perspective view thatillustrates a distal section of the distal assembly, according to theembodiment illustrated in FIG. 3( f). FIG. 4( c) illustrates the firstjaw 50 and a second jaw 80. A proximal portion of the first jaw 50includes a first slot 552, which is extends along side surfaces of theproximal portion of the first jaw 50. Also, the proximal portion of thefirst jaw 50 includes a second slot 556, which extends along a topsurface of the proximal portion of the first jaw 50. In addition, aproximal portion of the second jaw 80 is sized and shaped such that theproximal portion of the second jaw may fit within the second slot 556 ofthe first jaw 50, such that the proximal portion of the second jaw 80resides within the proximal portion of the first jaw 50. In addition,the proximal portion of the second jaw includes a slot 554.

An inner shaft 555 is configured to fit within, and to be moveable ingenerally distal and proximal directions relative to, the first slot 552of the first jaw 50 and the slot 554 of the second jaw 80. The innershaft 555 includes a threaded bore that extends radially therethroughfrom a first circumferential surface to an opposite circumferentialsurface. A clamp screw 559 is configured to be received within alongitudinally-arranged orifice of the proximal end of the second jaw80. The threaded bore of the inner shaft 555 is configured to receive athreaded distal end of the clamping screw 559. The clamping screw 559also includes at its proximal end a longitudinally-arranged orifice,which is suitably sized and shaped so as to receive acorrespondingly-sized and shaped distal end of the clamp screw shaft537.

FIG. 4( c) also illustrates a firing shaft 557. A distal end of thefiring shaft 557 includes a longitudinally-arranged orifice, which issuitably sized and shaped so as to receive a correspondingly-sized andshaped proximal end of, e.g., a threaded drive shaft (not shown) of thecutting and stapling element 104 that extends from a proximal end to adistal end of the second jaw 80. A proximal end of the firing shaft 557has a smaller diameter than the distal end thereof, and is configured tobe received longitudinally within the spring 531. Also, the proximal endof the firing shaft 557 has a cross-section size and shape that issuitable to be received within a correspondingly-sized and shaped,longitudinally-arranged bore at the distal end of the fire input bevel533. A pair of nuts 563 a, 563 b are configured to engage respectiveones of the threaded screws 545 a, 545 b, each of which extends througha respective one of the pair of longitudinally arranged orifices of thedistal pivot housing 543 and through a respective one of a pair oflongitudinally arranged orifices of the second jaw 80.

FIG. 4( d) is a side perspective view, partially in section, of thedistal assembly of the surgical device 11, as assembled, that showsadditional details of the region at which the surgical device 11 isconfigured to articulate, according to the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 3( f). For example, FIG. 4( d) illustrates the proximal pivothousing 503 (in phantom) connected to the distal pivot housing 543 (alsoin phantom) by hinge pin 551 extending through the vertically-alignedorifices 5031 of the proximal pivot housing 503 and thevertically-aligned orifices 5431 of the distal pivot housing 543. Thehinge pin 551 is also inserted through the central orifice of the distalarticulation gear 547, and through the centrally-disposed orifices ofthe pair of idler bevel gears 549 a, 549 b that are arranged onrespective opposite upper and lower surfaces of the distal articulationgear 547.

The clamp shaft 527 extends distally and extends through alongitudinally-arranged opening of the tube housing 523, through thelongitudinally-arranged bores of the bevel thrust block 509 and ballbearing 507 a, and engages the longitudinally-arranged orifice at theproximal end of the input bevel gear 505 a. The gear teeth of the inputbevel gear 505 a are meshingly engaged with the gear teeth of the upperidler bevel gear 549 a. Also meshingly engaged with the gear teeth ofthe upper idler bevel gear 549 a are the gear teeth of the bevel gear5413 of the combination bevel/spur gear component 541. The combinationbevel/spur gear component 541 is rotatably mounted at its distal end5411. In addition, the outer circumferential teeth of the spur gear 5412of the combination bevel/spur gear component 541 are meshingly engagedwith the outer circumferential teeth of the outer idler gear 539 whichis mounted on the clamp screw shaft 537.

The fire shaft 529 extends distally and extends through alongitudinally-arranged opening of the tube housing 523, through thelongitudinally-arranged bores of the bevel thrust block 511 and ballbearing 507 b, and engages the longitudinally-arranged orifice at theproximal end of the input bevel gear 505 b. The gear teeth of the inputbevel gear 505 b are meshingly engaged with the gear teeth of the loweridler bevel gear 549 b. Also meshingly engaged with the gear teeth ofthe lower idler bevel gear 549 b are the gear teeth of the bevel gear5331 of the firing input bevel gear 533. The firing input bevel gear 533extends distally to the firing shaft 557.

The articulation shaft 525 also extends distally and extends through alongitudinally-arranged opening of the tube housing 523. Mounted to thedistal end of the articulation shaft 525 by clip 521 is rack 537, theteeth of which are engaged with the outer circumferential teeth of therack gear 519. The rack gear 519 is positioned on an upper surface ofthe proximal articulation gear 515, and is rotatably mounted on thearticulation thrust pin 513. The outer circumferential gear teeth of theproximal articulation gear 515 are meshingly engaged with the outercircumferential gear teeth of the distal articulation gear 547. Thedistal articulation gear 547 is rotationally fixed relative to thedistal pivot housing 543.

As set forth above, the surgical device 11 may also include a cuttingand stapling element 104. In an embodiment, the staple and cuttingelement 104 is a staple cartridge. FIG. 4( e) is an exploded view of areplaceable staple cartridge 2600. The replaceable staple cartridge 2600is one type of stapling/cutting arrangement that may be employed as thecutting and stapling element 104 in the example embodiment of thepresent invention illustrated in, e.g., FIGS. 3( a) to 3(e). Thereplaceable staple cartridge 2600 includes a staple tray 2604. Thestaple tray 2604 has a slot 2604 i at its proximal end 2604 d in whichthe memory module 6041 is retained by a memory module retainer 6042. Thememory module 6041 may store information as described, for example, inU.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/723,715, filed on Nov. 28, 2000, nowissued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,793,652 on Sep. 21, 2004, U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 09/836,781, filed on Apr. 17, 2001, U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 09/887,789, filed on Jun. 22, 2001 and U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 10/099,634, filed on Mar. 15, 2002, each of whichis expressly incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. A wedgedriver 2605 is configured to be rotatably disposed through a centralchannel 2604 e of the staple tray 2604. Specifically, the wedge driver2605 has a distal end 2605 a that is configured to be rotatably mountedwithin a distal orifice 2604 a of the staple tray 2604. The wedge driver2605 also includes an externally threaded region 2605 b, a non-threadedportion 2605 c that rotatably extends through a proximal orifice 2604 bin the proximal end 2604 b of the staple tray 2604, and aproximally-facing opening 2605 d at its proximal-most end for receivingthe distal end of the clamp screw 559. The proximally-facing opening2605 d and the distal end of the clamp screw 559 are adapted fornon-rotatable coupling relative to each other when the distal end of theclamp screw 559 is received, e.g., inserted, within theproximally-facing opening 2605 d.

The replaceable staple cartridge 2600 also includes a wedge 2603 havingan internally threaded bore 2603 a. The externally threaded region 2605b of the wedge driver 2605 is configured to extend through theinternally threaded bore 2603 a of the wedge 2603. The threads of theinternally threaded bore 2603 a of the wedge 2603 match the threads ofthe externally threaded region 2605 b of the wedge driver 2605. As isdiscussed further below, upon rotation of the wedge driver 2605, thewedge 2603 is moved between the distal end 2604 c of the staple tray2604 and the proximal end 2604 d of the staple tray 2604 through acentral channel 2604 e.

The staple tray 2604 also includes a plurality of vertically-disposedslots 2604 f in opposing walls 2604 g of the central channel 2604 e. Oneach side of the central channel 2604 e, a staple pusher 2607 isconfigured to be slideably disposed within the slots 2604 f. Morespecifically, each of the staple pushers 2607 has a top surface 2607 arunning longitudinally between two rows 2607 b of staple pushing fingers2607 c. The staple pushing fingers 2607 c are configured such that eachstaple pushing finger 2607 c in the row 2607 b that abuts the wall 2604g of the staple tray 2604 is retained within a corresponding slot 2604 fof the wall 2604 g so as to be vertically slideable therein. The staplepushing fingers 2607 c are positioned over slots 2604 h in the stapletray 2604. The slots 2604 h in the staple tray 2604 house a plurality offasteners, e.g., staples 2606. Each of the staples 2606 includes a butt2606 a and a pair of prongs 2606 b.

The wedge 2603 also includes a pair of sloped edges 2603 b thatslideably engage respective top surfaces 2607 a of the staple pushers2607. When the wedge 2603 is moved from the distal end 2604 c to theproximal end 2604 d of the staple tray 2604 through the central channel2604 e, the pair of sloped edges 2603 b of the wedge 2603 is configuredto slideably engage the respective top surfaces 2607 a of the staplepushers 2607 in order to successively push the staple pushing fingers2607 c of the staple pushers 2607 into, and thus the staples 2606 outof, the slots 2604 h in the staple tray 2604. A cartridge top 2611 isconfigured to fit over the central channel 2604 a of the staple tray2604, while a staple retainer 2610 is configured to cover the clampingsurface 106 of the staple tray 2604. Additional features, e.g., a blade51, of the staple cartridge 2600 are described below in connection withFIG. 4( f), these features being described during operation of thesurgical device 11.

FIG. 4( f) is a bottom view of the first jaw 50. The first jaw 50includes an anvil member 2700 having a longitudinally-disposed slot 2701that extends from a distal end to a proximal end of the anvil member2700. The slot 2701 is aligned with the blade 51 of the second jaw 80 sothat the blade 51 extends into and travels along the slot 2701 when theblade is moved from the distal end 80 a to the proximal end 80 b of thesecond jaw 80. The anvil member 2700 also includes a plurality of rows2702 of staple guides 2703. The staple guides 2703 are configured toreceive the prongs 2606 b of the staples 2606 and to bend the prongs2606 b so as to close the staples 2606. When the surgical device 11 isin the closed position, the rows 2702 of the staple guides 2703 alignwith the slots 2604 h of the staple tray 2604 in the second jaw 80.

As set forth above, the surgical device 11 of the present invention, inaccordance with various embodiments thereof, may be configured to selectand then perform various different functions during the course of asurgical procedure. Set forth below is an example procedure in which thesurgical device 11 may be employed.

In operation, the jaw portion 11 a is maintained in an initial positionin which it is axially aligned with the shaft portion 11 b, such as theposition shown in FIG. 3( b). In this position, the surgical device 11may be inserted, e.g., through a trocar, into a surgical site. Dependingon the position of the incision and the tissue to be clamped, stapledand cut, the user may then operate the surgical device 11.

Once the surgical device 11 has been inserted within a patient, theshaft portion 11 b may be rotated, e.g., the shaft portion 11 b may berotated relative to, and about the longitudinal axis D of, the handle1103. Of course, it should be recognized that, in the example embodimentdescribed herein, rotation of the shaft portion 11 b relative to thehandle 1103 also causes rotation of the jaw portion 11 a disposeddistally relative to the shaft portion 11 b. In other embodiments,rotation may be achieved by the jaw portion 11 a rotating relative toand about a longitudinal axis of the shaft portion 11 b, or, in anembodiment in which the jaw portion 11 a is coupled directly to thehandle 1103, by the jaw portion 11 a rotating relative to and about alongitudinal axis of the handle 1103. For the purposes of thisapplication, the “shaft portion” is intended to refer to any portion ofthe component of the surgical device that is located distally relativeto a handle.

In order to perform this first function, the surgical device 11 may beoperated such that the function selector module 1110 is moved to a firstfunctional position. As set forth above, in this first functionalposition, the function selector module 1110 causes engagement of thesecond rotatable drive shaft 1110 b with a rotation driver 202. FIG. 5(a) is a side perspective view, partially in section, of the handle 1103of the surgical device. In particular, FIG. 5( a) illustrates some ofthe components of the handle 1103 that form the rotation driver 202 andthat function to rotate a shaft portion of the surgical device 11relative to the handle 1103 about the longitudinal axis of the handle1103, according to the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 3( a) through3(e). FIG. 5( a) illustrates some of these rotation driver 202components in bold.

Referring now to FIG. 5( a), the first rotatable drive shaft 1110 a iscaused to rotate, e.g., such as by motor 96 (shown in FIG. 2( b)) in,e.g., a counter-clockwise direction (for the sake of simplicity, allreferences herein to a rotational direction, e.g., clockwise orcounterclockwise, refer to a view from the proximal end of the surgicaldevice towards the distal end of the surgical device 11, unlessotherwise noted; furthermore, it should be recognized that, while thedisclosure hereinbelow includes, for each of the components of thesurgical device 11, various references to rotational directions in orderto perform a specific function, these directions are merely exemplarybecause certain components may be differently configured, e.g., threadedportions may have a right-hand thread as opposed to a left-hand thread,etc., such that the rotational directions set forth herein may bereversed in order to perform the same below-described functions). Sincethe longitudinally-arranged bore of the first rotatable drive shaft 1110a and the proximal end of a selector shaft 601 are correspondingly sizedand shaped, rotation of the first rotatable drive shaft 1110 a in acounter-clockwise direction causes rotation of the selector shaft 601 ina counter-clockwise direction. By virtue of the threaded engagement ofthe threaded portion 607 of the selector shaft 601 within the threadedbore of the function selector block 609, rotation of the selector shaft601 in a counter-clockwise direction causes the function selector block609 to move to a distal-most, e.g., first, position, in which specificgears of the handle 1103 are engaged with each other. It should berecognized that, while the function selector block 609 may be moved tothis distal-most, e.g., first, position by rotation of the selectorshaft 601, in various other embodiments, the surgical device 11 may beconfigured such that the function selector block 609 is initially inthis first position.

Once the function selector block 609 is moved to the first position, thesecond rotatable drive shaft 1110 b may be caused to rotate, e.g., in acounter-clockwise direction, such as by motor 100 (shown in FIG. 2( b)).Since the longitudinally-arranged bore of the second rotatable driveshaft 1110 b and the proximal end of the function shaft 611 arecorrespondingly sized and shaped, rotation of the second rotatable driveshaft 1110 b in a counter-clockwise direction causes rotation of thefunction shaft 611 in a counter-clockwise direction. The input spur gear619 of the second rotatable drive shaft 1110 b also rotates. Due to theengagement of the outer circumferential gear teeth 6191 of the inputspur gear 619 with the outer circumferential gear teeth 6231 of therotation spur gear 623, rotation of the input spur gear 619 in acounter-clockwise direction causes rotation of the rotation spur gear623 in a clockwise direction.

When the function selector block 609 is in the first position, therotation spur gear 623 and the rotation spur gear 631 are engaged withthe gear shaft 621 such that rotation of the rotation spur gear 623 in aclockwise direction causes rotation of the gear shaft 621 in a clockwisedirection and also rotation of the rotation spur gear 631 in a clockwisedirection. By virtue of the meshing engagement of the outercircumferential gear teeth 6311 of the rotation spur gear 631 with theouter circumferential gear teeth 6391 of the rotation spur gear 639,rotation of the rotation spur gear 631 in a clockwise direction causesrotation of the rotation spur gear 639 in a counter-clockwise direction.

Rotation of the rotation spur gear 639, which is mounted at an end ofthe rotation gear shaft 633, in a counter-clockwise direction causesrotation of the rotation gear shaft 633 in a counter-clockwise directionand rotation of the rotation worm gear 641, which is also mountedthereon, in a counter-clockwise direction. By virtue of the engagementof outer circumferential worm gear teeth 6411 of the rotation worm gear641 with the outer circumferential gear teeth 6431 of the rotation gear643, rotation of the rotation worm gear 641 in a counter-clockwisedirection causes rotation of the rotation gear 643 in a clockwisedirection (as viewed when looking into the page) about a pivot axis thatis perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the rotation gear shaft 633.Likewise, rotation of the rotation gear 643 in a clockwise directioncauses rotation of the rotation miter gear 644, that is mounted thereon,in a clockwise direction. The miter gear teeth 6441 of the rotationmiter gear 644 engage the miter gear teeth 6691 of the rotation mitergear 669, such that rotation of the rotation miter gear 644 in aclockwise direction causes rotation of the rotation miter gear 669 in acounter-clockwise direction.

The rotation miter gear 669 is mounted on the second rotation gear shaft665, such that rotation of the rotation miter gear 669 in acounter-clockwise direction causes rotation of the second rotation gearshaft 665 in a counter-clockwise direction and of the rotation spur gear673 in a counter-clockwise direction. By virtue of the meshingengagement of the outer circumferential gear teeth 6731 of the rotationspur gear 673 with the outer circumferential gear teeth 6791 of therotating tube spur gear 679, rotation of the rotation spur gear 673 in acounter-clockwise direction causes rotation of the rotating tube spurgear 679 in a clockwise direction and also rotation of the rotating tube677 mounted thereto in a clockwise direction. The rotation of therotating tube 677 within a mouth 675 at the distal-most end of thehandle 1103 provides the first above-described function of moving, e.g.,rotating, the shaft portion 11 b about a longitudinal axis of the handle1103. Of course, the movement, e.g., rotation, in the opposite directionmay also be accomplished by reversing the direction in which theabove-described gears are caused to rotate.

FIG. 6( a) is a side perspective view, partially in section, of anothersection of the distal portion of the surgical device 11. In particular,FIG. 6( a) illustrates the rotation of the shaft portion 11 b of thesurgical device 11 about the longitudinal axis of the handle 1103,according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Once the shaft portion 11 b has been rotated relative to the handle1103, the surgical device 11 may be employed to move the jaw portion 11a relative to the shaft portion 11 b, e.g., to pivot the jaw portion 11a about axis B relative to the shaft portion 11 b. In order to performthis second function, the surgical device 11 may be operated such thatthe function selector module 1110 is moved to a second functionalposition. As set forth above, in this second functional position, thefunction selector module 1110 causes engagement of the second rotatabledrive shaft 1110 b with an articulation driver 201. FIG. 5( b) is a sideperspective view, partially in section, of the handle 1103 of thesurgical device. In particular, FIG. 5( b) illustrates some of thecomponents of the handle 1103 that form the articulation driver 201 andthat function to move, e.g., articulate, the jaw portion 11 a relativeto the shaft portion 11 b, according to the embodiment illustrated inFIGS. 3( a) through 3(e). FIG. 5( b) illustrates some of thesearticulation driver 201 components in bold.

Referring to FIG. 5( b), the first rotatable drive shaft 1110 a is againcaused to rotate, e.g., in a clockwise direction, such as by motor 96(shown in FIG. 2( b)). Since the longitudinally-arranged bore of thefirst rotatable drive shaft 1110 a and the proximal end of a selectorshaft 601 are correspondingly sized and shaped, rotation of the firstrotatable drive shaft 1110 a in a clockwise direction causes rotation ofthe selector shaft 601 in a clockwise direction. By virtue of thethreaded engagement of the threaded portion 607 of the selector shaft601 within the threaded bore of the function selector block 609,rotation of the selector shaft 601 causes the function selector block609 to move proximally to, e.g., a second position, in which specificgears of the handle 1103 are engaged with each other.

Once the function selector block 609 is moved to the second position,the second rotatable drive shaft 1110 b is caused to rotate, e.g., in acounter-clockwise direction, such as by motor 100 (shown in FIG. 2( b)).Since the longitudinally-arranged bore of the second rotatable driveshaft 1110 b and the proximal end of the function shaft 611 arecorrespondingly sized and shaped, rotation of the second rotatable driveshaft 1110 b in a counter-clockwise direction causes rotation of thefunction shaft 611 in a counter-clockwise direction. The fire spur gear617 of the second rotatable drive shaft 1110 b is also caused to rotatein a counter-clockwise direction. Due to the engagement of the outercircumferential gear teeth 6191 of the input spur gear 619 with theouter circumferential gear teeth 6231 of the articulation spur gear 623,rotation of the input spur gear 619 in a counter-clockwise directioncauses rotation of the articulation spur gear 623 in a clockwisedirection.

When the function selector block 609 is in the second position, therotation spur gear 623 and the articulation spur gear 629 are engagedwith the gear shaft 621 such that rotation of the rotation spur gear 623in a clockwise direction causes rotation of the gear shaft 621 in aclockwise direction and also rotation of the articulation spur gear 629in a clockwise direction. By virtue of the meshing engagement of theouter circumferential gear teeth 6291 of the articulation spur gear 629with the outer circumferential gear teeth 6871 of the articulation spurgear 687, rotation of the articulation spur gear 629 in a clockwisedirection causes rotation of the articulation spur gear 687 in acounter-clockwise direction.

Rotation of the articulation spur gear 687, which is mounted at an endof the articulation gear shaft 685, in a counter-clockwise directioncauses rotation of the articulation gear shaft 685 in acounter-clockwise direction and of the articulation worm gear 689, whichis also mounted thereon, in a counter-clockwise direction. By virtue ofthe engagement of outer circumferential worm gear teeth 6891 of thearticulation worm gear 689 with the outer circumferential gear teeth6911 of the articulation gear 691, rotation of the articulation wormgear 689 in a counter-clockwise direction causes rotation of thearticulation gear 691 in a counter-clockwise direction (when viewed intothe page) about a pivot axis that is perpendicular to a longitudinalaxis of the articulation gear shaft 685. Likewise, rotation of thearticulation gear 691 in a counter-clockwise direction causes rotationof the articulation miter gear 692, that is mounted thereon, in acounter-clockwise direction. The miter gear teeth 6921 of thearticulation miter gear 692 engage the miter gear teeth 6961 of thearticulation miter gear 696, such that rotation of the articulationmiter gear 692 in a counter-clockwise direction causes rotation of thearticulation miter gear 696 in a counter-clockwise direction.

The articulation miter gear 696 is mounted on the second articulationgear shaft 693. By virtue of the threaded engagement between thethreaded rod portion 695 of the second articulation gear shaft 693 andthe interior threaded bore of the articulation miter gear 696, rotationof the articulation miter gear 696 in a counter-clockwise directioncauses the second articulation gear shaft 693 to move, e.g., distally(depending on the direction of threads on the second articulation gearshaft 693).

FIG. 6( b) is a side perspective view, partially in section, of anothersection of the distal portion of the surgical device 11. In particular,FIG. 6( b) illustrates additional components of the surgical device 11that function to move, e.g., articulate, the jaw portion 11 a relativeto the shaft portion 11 b, according to the embodiment illustrated inFIGS. 3( f) and 4(d). FIG. 6( b) illustrates some of these articulationdriver 201 components in bold.

As shown in FIG. 6( b), movement of the articulation shaft 525 distallycauses the rack 517 to also move distally. By virtue of the engagementof the teeth of the rack 517 with the teeth of the rack gear 519, distalmovement of the rack 517 causes the rack gear 519, and the proximalarticulation gear 515, to rotate in a clockwise direction (when viewedfrom above). Also, by virtue of the engagement of the outercircumferential teeth of the proximal articulation gear 515 with theouter circumferential teeth of the distal articulation gear 547,rotation of the proximal articulation gear 515 in a clockwise directioncauses rotation of the distal articulation gear 547 in acounter-clockwise direction. Since the distal articulation gear 547 isrotationally fixed relative to the distal pivot housing 543, rotation ofthe distal articulation gear 547 in a counter-clockwise direction causesthe jaw portion 11 a to move, e.g., articulate, in a counter-clockwisedirection (when viewed from above) relative to the shaft portion 11 babout the hinge pin 551, which defines in this example embodiment theaxis B shown in FIG. 2( b). Of course, the movement, e.g., articulation,in the opposite direction may also be accomplished by reversing thedirection in which the above-described gears are caused to rotate.

Once the jaw portion 11 a has been articulated about axis B relative tothe shaft portion 11 b, the jaws 50, 80 may be moved, e.g., opened, soas to enable a section of tissue to be disposed therebetween. In orderto perform this third function, the surgical device 11 may be operatedsuch that the function selector module 1110 is moved to a thirdfunctional position. As set forth above, in this third functionalposition, the function selector module 1110 causes engagement of thesecond rotatable drive shaft 1110 b with a clamping driver 88. FIG. 5(c) is a side perspective view, partially in section, of the handle 1103of the surgical device 11. In particular, FIG. 5( c) illustrates some ofthe components of the handle 1103 that form the clamping driver 88 andthat function to move, e.g., to open, the first jaw 50 relative to thesecond jaw 80, according to the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 3( a)through 3(e). FIG. 5( c) illustrates some of these clamping driver 88components in bold.

Referring to FIG. 5( c), the first rotatable drive shaft 1110 a is againcaused to rotate, e.g., in a clockwise direction, such as by motor 96(shown in FIG. 2( b)). Since the longitudinally-arranged bore of thefirst rotatable drive shaft 1110 a and the proximal end of a selectorshaft 601 are correspondingly sized and shaped, rotation of the firstrotatable drive shaft 1110 a in a clockwise direction causes rotation ofthe selector shaft 601 in a clockwise direction. By virtue of thethreaded engagement of the threaded portion 607 of the selector shaft601 within the threaded bore of the function selector block 609,rotation of the selector shaft 601 in a clockwise direction causes thefunction selector block 609 to move proximally to, e.g., a thirdposition, in which specific gears of the handle 1103 are engaged witheach other.

Once the function selector block 609 is moved to the third position, thesecond rotatable drive shaft 1110 b is caused to rotate, e.g., in acounter-clockwise direction, such as by motor 100 (shown in FIG. 2( b)).Since the longitudinally-arranged bore of the second rotatable driveshaft 1110 b and the proximal end of the function shaft 611 arecorrespondingly sized and shaped, rotation of the second rotatable driveshaft 1110 b in a counter-clockwise direction causes rotation of thefunction shaft 611 in a counter-clockwise direction. The input spur gear619 of the second rotatable drive shaft 1110 b is also caused to rotatein a counter-clockwise direction. Due to the engagement of the outercircumferential gear teeth 6191 of the input spur gear 619 with theouter circumferential gear teeth 6231 of the rotation spur gear 623,rotation of the input spur gear 619 in a counter-clockwise directioncauses rotation of the rotation spur gear 623 in a clockwise direction.

When the function selector block 609 is in the third position, therotation spur gear 623 and the clamping spur gear 627 are engaged withthe gear shaft 621 such that rotation of the rotation spur gear 623 in aclockwise direction causes rotation of the gear shaft 621 in a clockwisedirection and also rotation of the clamping spur gear 627 in a clockwisedirection. By virtue of the meshing engagement of the outercircumferential gear teeth 6271 of the clamping spur gear 627 with theouter circumferential gear teeth 6551 of the clamping spur gear 655,rotation of the clamping spur gear 627 in a clockwise direction causesrotation of the clamping spur gear 655 in a counter-clockwise direction.Clamping spur gear 655 is mounted at an end of the clamping gear shaft651 that has the first clamping miter gear 657 mounted at its oppositeend, such that rotation of the clamping spur gear 655 in acounter-clockwise direction also causes rotation of the clamping gearshaft 651 in a counter-clockwise direction and the first clamping mitergear 657 in a counter-clockwise direction.

The miter gear teeth 6571 of the first clamping miter gear 657 engagethe miter gear teeth 6591 of the second clamping miter gear 659, suchthat rotation of the first clamping miter gear 657 in acounter-clockwise direction causes rotation of the second clamping mitergear 659 in a counter-clockwise direction (when viewed into the page)about an axis that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of theclamping gear shaft 651. Likewise, the miter gear teeth 6591 of thesecond clamping miter gear 659 engage the miter gear teeth 6611 of thethird clamping miter gear 661, such that rotation of the second clampingmiter gear 659 in a counter-clockwise direction causes rotation of thethird clamping miter gear 661 in a clockwise direction. The thirdclamping miter gear 661 is mounted at the proximal end of the secondclamping gear shaft 681 such that rotation of the third clamping mitergear 661 in a clockwise direction causes rotation of the second clampinggear shaft 681 in a clockwise direction.

FIG. 6( c) is a side perspective view, partially in section, of anothersection of the distal portion of the surgical device 11. In particular,FIG. 6( c) illustrates additional components of the surgical device 11that function to move, e.g., open, the first jaw 50 relative to thesecond jaw 80, according to the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 3( f)and 4(d). FIG. 6( c) illustrates some of these clamping driver 88components in bold.

As set forth above, the second clamping gear shaft 681 extends distallythrough the rotating tube 677 to eventually form the clamp shaft 527.The rotation of the clamp shaft 527 in a clockwise direction causesrotation of the input bevel gear 505 a in a clockwise direction. Byvirtue of the meshing engagement of the gear teeth of the input bevelgear 505 a with the gear teeth of the upper idler bevel gear 549 a,rotation of the input bevel gear 505 a in a clockwise direction aboutthe longitudinal axis of the clamping shaft 527 causes rotation of theupper idler bevel gear 549 a in a clockwise direction (when viewed fromabove). Likewise, by virtue of the meshing engagement of the gear teethof the upper idler bevel gear 549 a with the gear teeth of the bevelgear 5413 of the combination bevel/spur gear component 541, rotation ofthe upper idler bevel gear 549 a in a clockwise direction about thelongitudinal axis of the hinge pin 551 causes rotation of the bevel gear5413 of the combination bevel/spur gear component 541 in acounter-clockwise direction, along with rotation of the spur gearmounted on the combination bevel/spur gear component 541 in acounter-clockwise direction. Since the outer circumferential teeth ofthe spur gear of the combination bevel/spur gear component 541 aremeshingly engaged with the outer circumferential teeth of the outeridler gear 539, rotation of the spur gear of the combination bevel/spurgear component 541 in a counter-clockwise direction causes rotation ofthe outer idler gear 539 in a clockwise direction and rotation of theclamp screw shaft 537, on which it is mounted, in a counter-clockwisedirection.

Referring now to FIG. 4( c), the clamp screw 559, which is mounted onthe distal end of the clamp screw shaft 537, is also caused to turn in acounter-clockwise direction. The inner shaft 555 is threadedly engagedwith the outer threads of the clamp screw 559, such that rotation of theclamp screw 559 in a counter-clockwise direction causes the inner shaft555 to move in a proximal direction within the slots 552 and 554 of thefirst and second jaws 50 and 80, respectively. This proximal movement ofthe inner shaft 555 allows the first and second jaws to move, e.g.,open, relative to each other. Additional details of this clampingarrangement may be found, for example, in U.S. patent application Ser.No. 11/191,851, entitled “Surgical Device,” filed Jul. 27, 2005, thedisclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

Once the first and second jaws 50, 80 have been opened to a desiredposition relative to each other, and once a section of tissue desired tobe operated on is satisfactorily positioned between the first and secondjaws 50, 80 of the surgical device 11, the first and second jaws 50, 80are closed so as to clamp the section of tissue therebetween.

In order to close the first and second jaws 50, 80 relative to eachother, the function selector module 1110 may remain in the thirdfunctional position. As set forth above, in this third functionalposition, the function selector module 1110 causes engagement of thesecond rotatable drive shaft 1110 b with the clamping driver 88.

Referring to FIG. 5( c), with the function selector block 609 in thethird position, the second rotatable drive shaft 1110 b is caused torotate, e.g., in a clockwise direction, such as by motor 100 (shown inFIG. 2( b)). Since the longitudinally-arranged bore of the secondrotatable drive shaft 1110 b and the proximal end of the function shaft611 are correspondingly sized and shaped, rotation of the secondrotatable drive shaft 1110 b in a clockwise direction causes rotation ofthe function shaft 611 in a clockwise direction. The input spur gear 619of the second rotatable drive shaft 1110 b is also caused to rotate in aclockwise direction. Due to the engagement of the outer circumferentialgear teeth 6191 of the input spur gear 619 with the outercircumferential gear teeth 6231 of the rotation spur gear 623, rotationof the input spur gear 619 in a clockwise direction causes rotation ofthe rotation spur gear 623 in a counter-clockwise direction.

Again, when the function selector block 609 is in the third position,the rotation spur gear 623 and the clamping spur gear 627 are engagedwith the gear shaft 621 such that rotation of the rotation spur gear 623in a counter-clockwise direction causes rotation of the gear shaft 621in a counter-clockwise direction and also rotation of the clamping spurgear 627 in a counter-clockwise direction. By virtue of the meshingengagement of the outer circumferential gear teeth 6271 of the clampingspur gear 627 with the outer circumferential gear teeth 6551 of theclamping spur gear 655, rotation of the clamping spur gear 627 in acounter-clockwise direction causes rotation of the clamping spur gear655 in a clockwise direction. Clamping spur gear 655 is mounted at anend of the clamping gear shaft 651, that has the first clamping mitergear 657 mounted at its opposite end, such that rotation of the clampingspur gear 655 in a clockwise direction also causes rotation of theclamping gear shaft 651 in a clockwise direction and the first clampingmiter gear 657 in a clockwise direction.

The miter gear teeth 6571 of the first clamping miter gear 657 engagethe miter gear teeth 6591 of the second clamping miter gear 659, suchthat rotation of the first clamping miter gear 657 in a clockwisedirection causes rotation of the second clamping miter gear 659 in aclockwise direction (when viewed into the page) about an axis that isperpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the clamping gear shaft 651.Likewise, the miter gear teeth 6591 of the second clamping miter gear659 engage the miter gear teeth 6611 of the third clamping miter gear661, such that rotation of the second clamping miter gear 659 in aclockwise direction causes rotation of the third clamping miter gear 661in a counter-clockwise direction. The third clamping miter gear 661 ismounted at the proximal end of the second clamping gear shaft 681 suchthat rotation of the third clamping miter gear 661 in acounter-clockwise direction causes rotation of the second clamping gearshaft 681 in a counter-clockwise direction.

Referring next to FIG. 6( c), the rotation of the clamp shaft 527 in acounter-clockwise direction causes rotation of the input bevel gear 505a in a counter-clockwise direction. By virtue of the meshing engagementof the gear teeth of the input bevel gear 505 a with the gear teeth ofthe upper idler bevel gear 549 a, rotation of the input bevel gear 505 ain a counter-clockwise direction about the longitudinal axis of theclamping shaft 527 causes rotation of the upper idler bevel gear 549 ain a counter-clockwise direction (when viewed from above). Likewise, byvirtue of the meshing engagement of the gear teeth of the upper idlerbevel gear 549 a with the gear teeth of the bevel gear 5413 of thecombination bevel/spur gear component 541, rotation of the upper idlerbevel gear 549 a in a counter-clockwise direction about the longitudinalaxis of the hinge pin 551 causes rotation of the bevel gear 5413 of thecombination bevel/spur gear component 541 in a clockwise direction,along with rotation of the spur gear mounted on the combinationbevel/spur gear component 541 in a clockwise direction. Since the outercircumferential teeth of the spur gear of the combination bevel/spurgear component 541 are meshingly engaged with the outer circumferentialteeth of the outer idler gear 539, rotation of the spur gear of thecombination bevel/spur gear component 541 in a clockwise directioncauses rotation of the outer idler gear 539 in a counter-clockwisedirection and of the clamp screw shaft 537, on which it is mounted, in acounter-clockwise direction.

Referring now to FIG. 4( c), the clamp screw 559, which is mounted onthe distal end of the clamp screw shaft 537, is also caused to turn in acounter-clockwise direction. The inner shaft 555 is threadedly engagedwith the outer threads of the clamp screw 559, such that rotation of theclamp screw 559 in a counter-clockwise direction causes the inner shaft555 to move in a distal direction within the slots 552 and 554 of thefirst and second jaws 50 and 80, respectively. This distal movement ofthe inner shaft 555 allows the first and second jaws 50, 80 to move,e.g., close, relative to each other, thereby clamping the section oftissue between the first and second jaws 50, 80.

Once a section of tissue has been clamped between the first and secondjaws 50, 80, the section of tissue may be cut and/or stapled. It shouldbe recognized that, while the present invention is illustrated as usingboth cutting and stapling elements, the surgical device 11 may employonly one such element, or else may employ a different type of surgicalinstrument.

Before the surgical device 11 is inserted into a patient's body, astaple cartridge 578 is provided within the second jaw 80. In anembodiment, the surgical device 11 is a single-use device, in which thestaple cartridge is integral to the second jaw 80. Alternatively, thesurgical device 11 may have a replaceable staple cartridge, e.g.,replaceable staple cartridge 600 as illustrated in FIG. 4( e), therebypermitting the surgical device 11 to be used numerous times withdifferent staple cartridges. In this embodiment, if the surgical device11 is being used for the first time, the staple cartridge 600 may bepre-installed during manufacture and assembly of the surgical device 11,or else may be installed by the user just prior to using the surgicaldevice 11. If the surgical device 11 is being used for the second ormore time, the staple cartridge 600 may be installed by the user justprior to using the surgical device 11. When the staple cartridge 600 isinserted into the second jaw 80, the distal end of the firing shaft 557is received within the proximally-facing opening 605 d of the wedgedriver 605.

To illustrate the cutting/stapling operation of the surgical device 11,reference is first made to FIG. 5( d). With the staple cartridge 600installed within the second jaw 80 of the surgical device 11, thesurgical device 11 may be operated such that the function selectormodule 1110 is moved to a fourth functional position. As set forthabove, in this fourth functional position, the function selector module1110 causes engagement of the second rotatable drive shaft 1110 b withthe firing driver 98. FIG. 5( d) is a side perspective view, partiallyin section, of the handle 1103 of the surgical device 11. In particular,FIG. 5( d) illustrates some of the components of the handle 1103 thatform the firing driver 98 and that function to move a cutting and/orstapling element, e.g., to drive a staple pushing element and/or cuttingblade through a section of tissue, according to the embodimentillustrated in FIGS. 3( a) through 3(e). FIG. 5( d) illustrates some ofthese firing driver 98 components in bold.

Referring to FIG. 5( d), the first rotatable drive shaft 1110 a is againcaused to rotate, e.g., in a clockwise direction such as by motor 96(shown in FIG. 2( b)). Since the longitudinally-arranged bore of thefirst rotatable drive shaft 1110 a and the proximal end of a selectorshaft 601 are correspondingly sized and shaped, rotation of the firstrotatable drive shaft 1110 a in a clockwise direction causes rotation ofthe selector shaft 601 in a clockwise direction. By virtue of thethreaded engagement of the threaded portion 607 of the selector shaft601 within the threaded bore of the function selector block 609,rotation of the selector shaft 601 in a clockwise direction causes thefunction selector block 609 to move proximally to, e.g., a fourthposition, in which specific gears of the handle 1103 are engaged witheach other.

Once the function selector block 609 is moved to the fourth position,the second rotatable drive shaft 1110 b is caused to rotate, e.g., in acounter-clockwise direction, such as by motor 100 (shown in FIG. 2( b)).Since the longitudinally-arranged bore of the second rotatable driveshaft 1110 b and the proximal end of the function shaft 611 arecorrespondingly sized and shaped, rotation of the second rotatable driveshaft 1110 b in a counter-clockwise direction causes rotation of thefunction shaft 611 in a counter-clockwise direction. The input spur gear619 and the firing spur gear 617 of the second rotatable drive shaft1110 b are also caused to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction. Dueto the engagement of the outer circumferential gear teeth 6171 of thefire spur gear 617 with the outer circumferential gear teeth 6251 of thefire spur gear 625, rotation of the fire spur gear 617 in acounter-clockwise direction causes rotation of the fire spur gear 625 ina clockwise direction. Likewise, due to the engagement of the outercircumferential gear teeth 6191 of the input spur gear 619 with theouter circumferential gear teeth 6231 of the rotation spur gear 623,rotation of the input spur gear 619 in a counter-clockwise directioncauses rotation of the rotation spur gear 623 in a clockwise direction.Still further, due to the engagement of the outer circumferential gearteeth 6171 of the fire spur gear 617 with the outer circumferential gearteeth 6081 of the firing spur gear 608, rotation of the fire spur gear617 in a counter-clockwise direction causes rotation of the firing spurgear 608 in a clockwise direction.

Firing spur gear 608 is mounted at an end of the firing gear shaft 604,that has the first firing miter gear 610 mounted at its opposite end,such that rotation of the firing spur gear 608 in a clockwise directionalso causes rotation of the firing gear shaft 604 and the first firingmiter gear 610 in a clockwise direction.

The miter gear teeth 6101 of the first firing miter gear 610 engage themiter gear teeth 6121 of the second firing miter gear 612, such thatrotation of the first firing miter gear 610 in a clockwise directioncauses rotation of the second firing miter gear 612 in a clockwisedirection (when viewed into the page) about an axis that isperpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the firing gear shaft 604.Likewise, the miter gear teeth 6121 of the second firing miter gear 612engage the miter gear teeth 6141 of the third firing miter gear 614,such that rotation of the second firing miter gear 612 in a clockwisedirection causes rotation of the third firing miter gear 614 in acounter-clockwise direction. The third firing miter gear 614 is mountedat the proximal end of the second firing gear shaft 618 such thatrotation of the third firing miter gear 614 in a counter-clockwisedirection causes rotation of the second firing gear shaft 618 in acounter-clockwise direction.

FIG. 6( d) is a side perspective view, partially in section, of anothersection of the distal portion of the surgical device 11. In particular,FIG. 6( d) illustrates additional components of the surgical device 11that function to move a cutting and/or stapling element, e.g., to drivea staple pushing element and/or cutting blade through a section oftissue, according to the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 3( f) and 4(d).FIG. 6( d) illustrates some of these firing driver 98 components inbold.

As set forth above, the second firing gear shaft 618 extends distallythrough the rotating tube 677 to eventually form the firing shaft 529.The rotation of the fire shaft 527 in a counter-clockwise directioncauses rotation of the input bevel gear 505 b in a counter-clockwisedirection. By virtue of the meshing engagement of the gear teeth of theinput bevel gear 505 b with the gear teeth of the lower idler bevel gear549 b, rotation of the input bevel gear 505 b in a counter-clockwisedirection about the longitudinal axis of the firing shaft 529 causesrotation of the lower idler bevel gear 549 a in a clockwise direction(when viewed from above) about the longitudinal axis of the hinge pin551. Likewise, by virtue of the meshing engagement of the gear teeth ofthe lower idler bevel gear 549 b with the gear teeth of the fire inputbevel gear 533, rotation of the lower idler bevel gear 549 b in aclockwise direction about the longitudinal axis of the hinge pin 551causes rotation of the fire input bevel gear 533 in a clockwisedirection. Since the distal end of the fire input bevel gear 533 isnon-rotatably engaged relative to the proximal end of the firing shaft557, rotation of the fire input bevel gear 533 in a clockwise directioncauses rotation of the firing shaft 557 in a clockwise direction.

To further illustrate the cutting/stapling operation of the surgicaldevice 11, reference is next made to FIG. 5( e). FIG. 5( e) is across-sectional view of the jaw portion of the surgical device 11,according to an embodiment of the present invention, in a fully closedposition. In FIG. 5( e), the surgical device 11 is illustrated absent asection of tissue between the clamping surfaces 106, 108 of the firstand the second jaws 50, 80.

As illustrated in FIG. 5( e), the surgical device 11 is disposed withinthe second jaw 80, and the cutting and stapling element 104 includes thereplaceable staple cartridge 2600 of FIG. 5( e) that is replaceablymountable within the second jaw 80. The replaceable staple cartridge2600, which was shown in an exploded view in FIG. 4( e), is shownassembled and mounted within the second jaw 80 in FIG. 5( e).

As illustrated in FIG. 5( e), the wedge 2603 has disposed thereon ablade 51 having a cutting edge 51 a. Alternatively, the cutting andstapling elements may be separately disposed. In the example embodimentillustrated in FIG. 5( e), the blade 51 has a tail region 2654 with acontact face 2653. The blade 51 is rotatably coupled to the wedge 2603around pivot 51 b to allow the blade 51 to rotate between a first and asecond position. FIG. 5( e) illustrates the wedge 2603 and the blade 51in several positions, labeled as positions A to E, as the wedge 2603 andthe blade 51 travel from the distal end 2604 c to the proximal end 2604d of the staple tray 2604.

In the position labeled A, the wedge 2603 and the blade 51 arepositioned at the distal end 2604 c of the staple tray 2604. In theposition labeled A, the wedge 2603 and the blade 51 are housed within ahousing 2615 and the blade 51 is rotated relative to the wedge 2603 soas to be in a retracted position, e.g., the cutting edge 51 a facingupwards and is not exposed. The contact face 2653 initially faces theproximal end 2604 d of the staple tray 2604.

In operation, rotation of the wedge driver 2605 in a clockwise direction(caused by its engagement with the distal end of the firing shaft 557,which is described above as also rotating in a clockwise direction)causes the wedge 2603 and the blade 51 to advance to the positionlabeled B. In the position labeled B, the wedge 2603 and the blade 51are positioned proximally relative to the distal end 2604 c of thestaple tray 2604. Specifically, in the position labeled B, the wedge2603 and the blade 51 are positioned such that the contact face 2653 ofthe blade 51 begins to contact an actuating lip 2615 a of the housing2615. As the contact face 2653 of the blade 51 begins to contact theactuating lip 2615 a of the housing 2615, the blade 51 begins to rotaterelative to the wedge 2603.

Further rotation of the wedge driver 2605 via the distal end of thefiring shaft 557 causes the wedge 2603 and the blade 51 to advance tothe position labeled C. In the position labeled C, the wedge 2603 andthe blade 51 are positioned still further proximally relative to thedistal end 2604 c of the staple tray 2604. Specifically, in the positionlabeled C, the wedge 2603 and the blade 51 are positioned such that thecontact face 2653 of the blade 51 has fully contacted the actuating lip2615 a of the housing 2615. When the contact face 2653 of the blade 51has fully contacted the actuating lip 2615 a of the housing 2615, theblade 51 is fully rotated relative to the wedge 2603 such that thecutting edge 51 a of the blade 51 is in an extended position, e.g., thecutting edge 51 a faces the proximal end 2604 d of the staple tray 2604.

Further rotation of the wedge driver 2605 via the distal end of thefiring shaft 557 causes the wedge 2603 and the blade 51 to advance tothe position labeled D. In the position labeled D, the wedge 2603 andthe blade 51 are positioned approximately at the midpoint between thedistal end 2604 c and the proximal end 2604 d of the staple tray 2604.In the position labeled D, the blade 51 is maintained in the extendedposition having the cutting edge 51 a facing the proximal end 2604 d ofthe staple tray 2604 so as to cut a section of tissue (not shown) thatis clamped between the first jaw 50 and the second jaw 80.

Further rotation of the wedge driver 2605 via the distal end of thefiring shaft 557 causes the wedge 2603 and the blade 51 to advance tothe position labeled E. In the position labeled E, the wedge 2603 andthe blade 51 are positioned at the proximal end 2604 d of the stapletray 2604. In the position labeled E, the blade 51 is still maintainedin the extended position with the cutting edge 51 a facing the proximalend 2604 d of the staple tray 2604. Here, however, the blade 51 isenclosed within a housing 2616 so that the cutting edge 51 a is notexposed.

The staples 2606 housed within the staple tray 2604 may simultaneouslybe fired with the movement of the blade 51 from the proximal end 80 b tothe distal end 80 a of the second jaw 80. For instance, rotation of thewedge driver 2605 via the distal end of the firing shaft 557 causes thewedge 2603 to be moved through the central channel 2604 e of the stapletray 2604. As the wedge 2603 is moved from the distal end 2604 c to theproximal end 2604 d of the staple tray 2604 through the central channel2604 e, the pair of sloped edges 2603 b of the wedge 2603 slideablyengage the respective top surfaces 2607 a of the staple pushers 2607 andsuccessively push the staple pushing fingers 2607 c of the staplepushers 2607 into, and thus the staples 2606 out of, the slots 2604 h inthe staple tray 2604. When the surgical device 11 is in the closedposition, the rows 2702 of the staple guides 2703 align with the slots2604 h of the staple tray 2604 in the second jaw 80 so that the staples2606 maintained in the slots 2604 h of the staple tray 2604 are pushedby the staple pushing fingers 2607 c of the staple pushers 2607 into,and closed by, corresponding staple guides 2703 of the anvil member2700. The staple guides 2703 receive the prongs 2606 b of the staples2606 when the surgical device 11 is fired and bend the prongs 2606 b soas to close the staples 2606, thereby stapling the section of tissue.

It should be recognized that, according to various embodiments of thepresent invention, the blade 51 and the wedge 2603 may be moved ineither a proximal or a distal direction in order to cut and/or staple asection of tissue disposed between the first jaw 50 and the second jaw80. Furthermore, it should be recognized that, according to variousembodiments of the present invention, any mechanical arrangement that isconfigured to move the blade 51 and the wedge 2603 in order to cutand/or staple a section of tissue disposed between the first jaw 50 andthe second jaw 80 may be employed.

Once the section of tissue may be cut and/or stapled, the surgicaldevice 11 may be employed to return the wedge 2603 and the blade 51 totheir initial positions. This may be particularly desirable when thesurgical device 11 employs replaceable staple cartridges, e.g.,replaceable staple cartridge 600 as illustrated in FIG. 4( e), therebypermitting the surgical device 11 to be used numerous times withdifferent staple cartridges. Once the wedge 2603 and the blade 51 havebeen moved to their initial positions, the surgical device 11 may beused for a second or more time. To do so, the user may remove the spentstaple cartridge 600 and insert in the surgical device 11 a new staplecartridge 600, the distal end of the firing shaft 557 being receivedwithin the proximally-facing opening 2605 d of the wedge driver 2605 ofthe new staple cartridge 2600. Of course, it should be recognized thatthis step of returning the wedge 2603 and the blade 51 to their initialpositions may be performed either prior to, or subsequent to, removal ofthe surgical device 11 from the patient's body.

In order to return the wedge 2603 and the blade 51 to their initialpositions, and as shown in FIG. 5( d), the function selector block 609may remain in the fourth position, in which specific gears of the handle1103 are engaged with each other. While the function selector block 609is in the fourth position, the second rotatable drive shaft 1110 b maybe caused to rotate, e.g., in a clockwise direction, such as by motor100 (shown in FIG. 2(b)). Rotation of the second rotatable drive shaft1110 b in a clockwise direction causes rotation of the function shaft611 in a clockwise direction. The input spur gear 619 and the firingspur gear 617 of the second rotatable drive shaft 1110 b are also causedto rotate in a clockwise direction. Due to the engagement of the outercircumferential gear teeth 6171 of the fire spur gear 617 with the outercircumferential gear teeth 6251 of the fire spur gear 625, rotation ofthe fire spur gear 617 in a clockwise direction causes rotation of thefire spur gear 625 in a counter-clockwise direction. Likewise, due tothe engagement of the outer circumferential gear teeth 6191 of the inputspur gear 619 with the outer circumferential gear teeth 6231 of therotation spur gear 623, rotation of the input spur gear 619 in aclockwise direction causes rotation of the rotation spur gear 623 in acounter-clockwise direction. Still further, due to the engagement of theouter circumferential gear teeth 6171 of the fire spur gear 617 with theouter circumferential gear teeth 6081 of the firing spur gear 608,rotation of the fire spur gear 617 in a clockwise direction causesrotation of the firing spur gear 608 in a counter-clockwise direction.

Firing spur gear 608 is mounted at an end of the firing gear shaft 604,that has the first firing miter gear 610 mounted at its opposite end,such that rotation of the firing spur gear 608 in a counter-clockwisedirection also causes rotation of each one of the firing gear shaft 604and the first firing miter gear 610 in a counter-clockwise direction.

The miter gear teeth 6101 of the first firing miter gear 610 engage themiter gear teeth 6121 of the second firing miter gear 612, such thatrotation of the first firing miter gear 610 in a counter-clockwisedirection causes rotation of the second firing miter gear 612 in acounter-clockwise direction (when viewed into the page) about an axisthat is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the firing gear shaft604. Likewise, the miter gear teeth 6121 of the second firing miter gear612 engage the miter gear teeth 6141 of the third firing miter gear 614,such that rotation of the second firing miter gear 612 in acounter-clockwise direction causes rotation of the third firing mitergear 614 in a clockwise direction. The third firing miter gear 614 ismounted at the proximal end of the second firing gear shaft 618 suchthat rotation of the third firing miter gear 614 in a clockwisedirection causes rotation of the second firing gear shaft 618 in aclockwise direction.

Referring to FIG. 6( d), the second firing gear shaft 618 extendsdistally through the rotating tube 677 to eventually form the firingshaft 529. The rotation of the fire shaft 527 in a clockwise directioncauses rotation of the input bevel gear 505 b in a clockwise direction.By virtue of the meshing engagement of the gear teeth of the input bevelgear 505 b with the gear teeth of the lower idler bevel gear 549 b,rotation of the input bevel gear 505 b in a clockwise direction aboutthe longitudinal axis of the firing shaft 529 causes rotation of thelower idler bevel gear 549 a in a counter-clockwise direction (whenviewed from above) about the longitudinal axis of the hinge pin 551.Likewise, by virtue of the meshing engagement of the gear teeth of thelower idler bevel gear 549 b with the gear teeth of the fire input bevelgear 533, rotation of the lower idler bevel gear 549 b in acounter-clockwise direction about the longitudinal axis of the hinge pin551 causes rotation of the fire input bevel gear 533 in acounter-clockwise direction. Since the distal end of the fire inputbevel gear 533 is non-rotatably engaged relative to the proximal end ofthe firing shaft 557, rotation of the fire input bevel gear 533 in acounter-clockwise direction causes rotation of the firing shaft 557 in acounter-clockwise direction.

Referring to FIG. 5( e), the wedge driver 2605 is rotated in acounter-clockwise direction by the rotation of the firing shaft 557,such that wedge 2603 and the blade 51 travel from the proximal end 2604d to the distal end 2604 c of the staple tray 2604 until, when the wedge2603 and the blade 51 are positioned at the distal end 2604 c of thestaple tray 2604, e.g., the position that is labeled as position A, thewedge 2603 and the blade 51 are housed again within the housing 2615,the blade 51 being rotated relative to the wedge 2603 so as to be in aretracted position, e.g., the cutting edge 51 a facing upwards and isnot exposed.

Once the wedge 2603 and the blade 51 to their initial positions, thesurgical device 11 may be employed to move the jaw portion 11 a relativeto the shaft portion 11 b, e.g., to pivot the jaw portion 11 a aboutaxis B relative to the shaft portion 11 b, back to its initial alignedpositioned for the purposes of easing the removal of the surgical devicefrom the incision of the patient. In order to perform this function, thesurgical device 11 may be operated such that the function selectormodule 1110 is returned to the second functional position. As set forthabove, in this second functional position, the function selector module1110 causes engagement of the second rotatable drive shaft 1110 b withan articulation driver 201.

Referring to FIG. 5( b), the first rotatable drive shaft 1110 a is againcaused to rotate, e.g., in a counter-clockwise direction, such as bymotor 96 (shown in FIG. 2( b)). Since the longitudinally-arranged boreof the first rotatable drive shaft 1110 a and the proximal end of aselector shaft 601 are correspondingly sized and shaped, rotation of thefirst rotatable drive shaft 1110 a in a counter-clockwise directioncauses rotation of the selector shaft 601 in a counter-clockwisedirection. By virtue of the threaded engagement of the threaded portion607 of the selector shaft 601 within the threaded bore of the functionselector block 609, rotation of the selector shaft 601 causes thefunction selector block 609 to move distally to, e.g., the secondposition, in which specific gears of the handle 1103 are engaged witheach other.

Once the function selector block 609 is returned to the second position,the second rotatable drive shaft 1110 b may be caused to rotate, e.g.,in a clockwise direction, such as by motor 100 (shown in FIG. 2( b)).Since the longitudinally-arranged bore of the second rotatable driveshaft 1110 b and the proximal end of the function shaft 611 arecorrespondingly sized and shaped, rotation of the second rotatable driveshaft 1110 b in a clockwise direction causes rotation of the functionshaft 611 in a clockwise direction. The fire spur gear 617 of the secondrotatable drive shaft 1110 b is also caused to rotate in a clockwisedirection. Due to the engagement of the outer circumferential gear teeth6191 of the input spur gear 619 with the outer circumferential gearteeth 6231 of the articulation spur gear 623, rotation of the input spurgear 619 in a clockwise direction causes rotation of the articulationspur gear 623 in a counter-clockwise direction.

When the function selector block 609 is in the second position, therotation spur gear 623 and the articulation spur gear 629 are engagedwith the gear shaft 621 such that rotation of the rotation spur gear 623in a counter-clockwise direction causes rotation of the gear shaft 621in a counter-clockwise direction and also rotation of the articulationspur gear 629 in a counter-clockwise direction. By virtue of the meshingengagement of the outer circumferential gear teeth 6291 of thearticulation spur gear 629 with the outer circumferential gear teeth6871 of the articulation spur gear 687, rotation of the articulationspur gear 629 in a counter-clockwise direction causes rotation of thearticulation spur gear 687 in a clockwise direction.

Rotation of the articulation spur gear 687, which is mounted at an endof the articulation gear shaft 685, in a clockwise direction causesrotation of the articulation gear shaft 685 in a clockwise direction andof the articulation worm gear 689, which is also mounted thereon, in aclockwise direction. By virtue of the engagement of outercircumferential worm gear teeth 6891 of the articulation worm gear 689with the outer circumferential gear teeth 6911 of the articulation gear691, rotation of the articulation worm gear 689 in a clockwise directioncauses rotation of the articulation gear 691 in a clockwise direction(when viewed into the page) about a pivot axis that is perpendicular toa longitudinal axis of the articulation gear shaft 685. Likewise,rotation of the articulation gear 691 in a clockwise direction causesrotation of the articulation miter gear 692, that is mounted thereon, ina clockwise direction. The miter gear teeth 6921 of the articulationmiter gear 692 engage the miter gear teeth 6961 of the articulationmiter gear 696, such that rotation of the articulation miter gear 692 ina clockwise direction causes rotation of the articulation miter gear 696in a clockwise direction.

The articulation miter gear 696 is mounted on the second articulationgear shaft 693. By virtue of the threaded engagement between thethreaded rod portion 695 of the second articulation gear shaft 693 andthe interior threaded bore of the articulation miter gear 696, rotationof the articulation miter gear 696 in a clockwise direction causes thesecond articulation gear shaft 693 to move, e.g., proximally (dependingon the direction of threads on the second articulation gear shaft 693).

Referring to FIG. 6( b) proximal movement of second articulation gearshaft 693 and the articulation shaft 525 which it eventually forms,causes the rack 517 to also move proximally. By virtue of the engagementof the teeth of the rack 517 with the teeth of the rack gear 519,proximal movement of the rack 517 causes the rack gear 519, and theproximal articulation gear 515, to rotate in a counter-clockwisedirection (when viewed from above). Also, by virtue of the engagement ofthe outer circumferential teeth of the proximal articulation gear 515with the outer circumferential teeth of the distal articulation gear547, rotation of the proximal articulation gear 515 in acounter-clockwise direction causes rotation of the distal articulationgear 547 in a clockwise direction. Since the distal articulation gear547 is rotationally fixed relative to the distal pivot housing 543,rotation of the distal articulation gear 547 in a clockwise directioncauses the jaw portion 11 a to move, e.g., articulate, in a clockwisedirection (when viewed from above) relative to the shaft portion 11 babout the hinge pin 551. This movement, e.g., articulation, of the jawportion 11 a relative to the shaft portion 11 b may continue until thelongitudinal axes of the jaw portion 11 a and the shaft portion 11 b arealigned, thereby easing the removal of the surgical device 11 from thepatient's incision.

Once the longitudinal axes of the jaw portion 11 a and the shaft portion11 b have been aligned, the surgical device 11 may be employed to returnthe shaft portion 11 b to its initial position relative to the handle1103, e.g., by rotating the shaft portion 11 b relative to the handle1103 about the longitudinal axis D of the handle 1103 until the shaftportion 11 b and the handle 1103 are in their initial, e.g., aligned,positions relative to each other. Again, this may be particularlydesirable when the surgical device 11 employs replaceable staplecartridges, e.g., replaceable staple cartridge 600 as illustrated inFIG. 4( e), so as to return the surgical device 11 into a conditionwhich permits it to be used numerous times with different staplecartridges. Once the shaft portion 11 b has been rotated back to itsinitial position relative to the handle 1103, the surgical device 11 maybe used for a second or more time. Of course, it should be recognizedthat this particular step may be performed either prior to, orsubsequent to, removal of the surgical device 11 from the patient'sbody.

In order to rotate the shaft portion 11 b relative to the handle 1103about the longitudinal axis D of the handle 1103 until the shaft portion11 b and the handle 1103 are in their initial positions relative to eachother, and as shown in FIG. 5( d), the surgical device 11 may beoperated such that the function selector module 1110 is returned to thefirst functional position. As set forth above, in this first functionalposition, the function selector module 1110 causes engagement of thesecond rotatable drive shaft 1110 b with the rotation driver 202.

Referring now to FIG. 5( a), the first rotatable drive shaft 1110 a iscaused to rotate, e.g., such as by motor 96 (shown in FIG. 2( b)) in,e.g., a clockwise direction. Since the longitudinally-arranged bore ofthe first rotatable drive shaft 1110 a and the proximal end of aselector shaft 601 are correspondingly sized and shaped, rotation of thefirst rotatable drive shaft 1110 a in a clockwise direction causesrotation of the selector shaft 601 in a clockwise direction. By virtueof the threaded engagement of the threaded portion 607 of the selectorshaft 601 within the threaded bore of the function selector block 609,rotation of the selector shaft 601 in a clockwise direction causes thefunction selector block 609 to be returned to the distal-most, e.g.,first position, in which specific gears of the handle 1103 are engagedwith each other.

Once the function selector block 609 is returned to the first position,the second rotatable drive shaft 1110 b may be caused to rotate, e.g.,in a clockwise direction, such as by motor 100 (shown in FIG. 2( b)).Since the longitudinally-arranged bore of the second rotatable driveshaft 1110 b and the proximal end of the function shaft 611 arecorrespondingly sized and shaped, rotation of the second rotatable driveshaft 1110 b in a clockwise direction causes rotation of the functionshaft 611 in a clockwise direction. The input spur gear 619 of thesecond rotatable drive shaft 1110 b also rotates in a clockwisedirection. Due to the engagement of the outer circumferential gear teeth6191 of the input spur gear 619 with the outer circumferential gearteeth 6231 of the rotation spur gear 623, rotation of the input spurgear 619 in a clockwise direction causes rotation of the rotation spurgear 623 in a counter-clockwise direction.

When the function selector block 609 is in the first position, therotation spur gear 623 and the rotation spur gear 631 are engaged withthe gear shaft 621 such that rotation of the rotation spur gear 623 in acounter-clockwise direction causes rotation of the gear shaft 621 in acounter-clockwise direction and also rotation of the rotation spur gear631 in a counter-clockwise direction. By virtue of the meshingengagement of the outer circumferential gear teeth 6311 of the rotationspur gear 631 with the outer circumferential gear teeth 6391 of therotation spur gear 639, rotation of the rotation spur gear 631 in acounter-clockwise direction causes rotation of the rotation spur gear639 in a clockwise direction.

Rotation of the rotation spur gear 639, which is mounted at an end ofthe rotation gear shaft 633, in a clockwise direction causes rotation ofthe rotation gear shaft 633 in a clockwise direction and rotation of therotation worm gear 641, which is also mounted thereon, in a clockwisedirection. By virtue of the engagement of outer circumferential wormgear teeth 6411 of the rotation worm gear 641 with the outercircumferential gear teeth 6431 of the rotation gear 643, rotation ofthe rotation worm gear 641 in a clockwise direction causes rotation ofthe rotation gear 643 in a counter-clockwise direction (as viewed whenlooking into the page) about a pivot axis that is perpendicular to alongitudinal axis of the rotation gear shaft 633. Likewise, rotation ofthe rotation gear 643 in a counter-clockwise direction causes rotationof the rotation miter gear 644, that is mounted thereon, in acounter-clockwise direction. The miter gear teeth 6441 of the rotationmiter gear 644 engage the miter gear teeth 6691 of the rotation mitergear 669, such that rotation of the rotation miter gear 644 in acounter-clockwise direction causes rotation of the rotation miter gear669 in a clockwise direction.

The rotation miter gear 669 is mounted on the second rotation gear shaft665, such that rotation of the rotation miter gear 669 in a clockwisedirection causes rotation of the second rotation gear shaft 665 in aclockwise direction and of the rotation spur gear 673 in a clockwisedirection. By virtue of the meshing engagement of the outercircumferential gear teeth 6731 of the rotation spur gear 673 with theouter circumferential gear teeth 6791 of the rotating tube spur gear679, rotation of the rotation spur gear 673 in a clockwise directioncauses rotation of the rotating tube spur gear 679 in acounter-clockwise direction and also rotation of the rotating tube 677mounted thereto in a counter-clockwise direction. The rotation of therotating tube 677 in a counter-clockwise direction within the mouth 675at the distal-most end of the handle 1103 may continue until the shaftportion 11 b and the handle 1103 are in their initial positions relativeto each other.

As set forth above, according to an example embodiment of the presentinvention, the surgical device 11 may be configured as an attachment to,or may be integral with, a purely mechanical device driver system, suchas that illustrated in FIG. 1. Alternatively, in another exampleembodiment of the present invention, the surgical device 11 may be anelectro-mechanical device that is configured to stand alone, e.g., thatincludes various motors, drive shafts, control systems, etc., in anintegral arrangement such that attachment to a separateelectro-mechanical surgical system is eliminated. Such an arrangement isillustrated schematically in FIG. 2( c), and may include the advantagethat the surgical device 11 is not connected prior to use to aseparately-disposed drive system. In this embodiment, first motor 961and second motor 1001 are arranged within the handle 1103, such that thefirst and second rotatable drive shafts 1110 a and 1110 b are connectedto, and driven by, the first and second motors 961, 1001, respectively.Still further, the surgical device 11 may be an electro-mechanicaldevice that does not stand alone, but rather includes integrally one ormore of motors, drive shafts, control systems, etc., while still beingcoupleable to a separate electro-mechanical surgical system thatincludes other ones of motors, drive shafts, control systems, etc.

In still another embodiment, the surgical device 11 may be configured asan attachment to, or may be integral with, an electro-mechanicalsurgical system, such as an electro-mechanical driver system 1610illustrated in FIG. 2( a). FIGS. 3( a) through 6(d) illustrate anexample embodiment of the surgical device 11 having such an arrangement,e.g., an arrangement in which the surgical device 11 is coupleable via aflexible shaft (having various rotatable drive shafts included therein)to a separate drive unit (having an arrangement of motors for rotatingthe rotatable drive shafts) included therein. For example, FIG. 2( b)illustrates that the surgical device 11 may include a connection element1104 that includes a quick connect sleeve 713 having quick connect slots713 a that engage complementary quick connect elements 1664 of aflexible drive shaft 1620, which is described in further detail below(see, for example, FIG. 10).

FIG. 2( a) is, according to an example embodiment of the presentinvention, a perspective view of an electro-mechanical driver component1610 to which the surgical device 11 shown and described in connectionwith FIGS. 3( a) through 6(d) may be connected. Such anelectro-mechanical surgical system is described in, e.g., U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 09/723,715, filed on Nov. 28, 2000, now Issued asU.S. Pat. No. 6,793,652 on Sep. 21, 2004, U.S. patent application Ser.No. 09/836,781, filed on Apr. 17, 2001, now Issued as U.S. Pat. No.6,981,941 on Jan. 3, 2006, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/887,789,filed on Jun. 22, 2001, now Issued as U.S. Pat. No. 7,032,798 on Apr.25, 2006, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/099,634, filed on Mar.15, 2002, now Issued as U.S. Pat. No. 7,951,071 on May 31, 2011, each ofwhich is expressly incorporated herein in their entirety by referencethereto. The electro-mechanical driver component 1610 may include, forexample, a remote power console 1612, which includes a housing 1614having a front panel 1615. Mounted on the front panel 1615 are a displaydevice 1616 and indicators 1618 a, 1618 b. A flexible shaft 1620 mayextend from the housing 1614 and may be detachably attached thereto viaa first coupling 1622. The distal end 1624 of flexible shaft 1620 mayinclude a second coupling 1626 adapted to detachably couple, e.g., thesurgical device 11 described above, to the distal end 1624 of theflexible shaft 1620. The second coupling 1626 may also be adapted todetachably attach a different surgical instrument or attachment. Inanother example embodiment, the distal end 1624 of the flexible shaft1620 may permanently attached to or be integral with a surgicalinstrument.

Any suitable arrangement of couplings and shafts, e.g., flexible orotherwise, may be employed in order to connect the surgical device 11 tothe electro-mechanical drive component 1610 may be employed. Forinstance, FIGS. 7 through 10 illustrate an arrangement by which thesurgical device 11 may be attached to the electro-mechanical powerconsole 1610. Referring to FIG. 7, there is seen a side view, partiallyin section, of the flexible shaft 1620. According to an exampleembodiment, the flexible shaft 1620 includes a tubular sheath 1628,which may include a coating or other sealing arrangement configured toprovide a fluid-tight seal between the interior channel 1640 thereof andthe environment. The sheath 1628 may be formed of a tissue-compatible,sterilizable elastomeric material. The sheath 1628 may also be formed ofa material that is autoclavable. Disposed within the interior channel1640 of the flexible shaft 1620, and extending along the entire lengththereof, may be a first rotatable drive shaft 94, a second rotatabledrive shaft 102, a first steering cable 1634, a second steering cable1635, a third steering cable 1636, a fourth steering cable 1637 (itshould be noted that such steering cables 1634, 1635, 1636 and 1637 may,in various embodiments of the present invention, be eliminated as thesurgical device 11 may be considered to provide sufficientmaneuverability without the steering capabilities of these particularsteering cables) and a data transfer cable 1638. FIG. 8 is across-sectional view of the flexible shaft 1620 taken along the line 8-8illustrated in FIG. 7 and further illustrates the several cables 94,102, 1634, 1635, 1636, 1637 and 1638. Each distal end of the steeringcables 1634, 1635, 1636, 1637 is affixed to the distal end 1624 of theflexible shaft 1620. Each of the several cables 94, 102, 1634, 1635,1636, 1637, 1638 may be contained within a respective sheath.

The first rotatable drive shaft 94 and the second rotatable drive shaft102 may be configured, for example, as highly flexible drive shafts,such as, for example, braided or helical drive cables. It should beunderstood that such highly flexible drive cables may have limitedtorque transmission characteristics and capabilities. It should also beunderstood that the surgical device 11, or other attachments connectedto the flexible shaft 1620, may require a higher torque input than thetorque transmittable by the drive shafts 94, 102. The drive shafts 94,102 may thus be configured to transmit low torque but high speed, thehigh-speed/low-torque being converted to low-speed/high-torque bygearing arrangements disposed, for example, at the distal end and/or theproximal end of the drive flexible shaft 1620, in the surgicalinstrument or attachment and/or in the remote power console 1612. Itshould be appreciated that such gearing arrangement(s) may be providedat any suitable location along the power train between the motorsdisposed in the housing 1614 and the attached surgical instrument orother attachment connected to the flexible shaft 1620. Such gearingarrangement(s) may include, for example, a spur gear arrangement, aplanetary gear arrangement, a harmonic gear arrangement, cycloidal drivearrangement, an epicyclic gear arrangement, etc. The surgical device 11illustrated in FIGS. 3( a) through 6(d) hereinabove provide variousgearing arrangements that provide the above-described conversions re:speed and/or torque transmission.

Referring now to FIG. 9, there is seen a rear end view of first coupling1622. The first coupling 1622 includes a first connector 1644, a secondconnector 1648, a third connector 1652 and a fourth connector 1656, eachrotatably secured to the first coupling 1622. Each of the connectors1644, 1648, 1652, 1656 includes a respective recess 1646, 1650, 1654,1658. As illustrated in FIG. 9, each recess 1646, 1650, 1654, 1658 maybe hexagonally shaped. It should be appreciated, however, that therecesses 1646, 1650, 1654, 1658 may have any shape and configurationadapted to non-rotatably couple and rigidly attach the connectors 1644,1648, 1652, 1656 to respective drive shafts of the motor arrangementcontained within the housing 1614. It should be appreciated thatcomplementary projections may be provided on respective drive shafts ofthe motor arrangement to thereby drive the drive elements of theflexible shaft 1620. It should also be appreciated that the recesses maybe provided on the drive shafts and complementary projections may beprovided on the connectors 1644, 1648, 1652, 1656. Any other couplingarrangement configured to non-rotatably and releasably couple theconnectors 1644, 1648, 1652, 1656 and the drive shafts of the motorarrangement may be provided.

One of the connectors 1644, 1648, 1652, 1656 is non-rotatably secured tothe first drive shaft 94, and another one of the connectors 1644, 1648,1652, 1656 is non-rotatably secured to the second drive shaft 102. Theremaining two of the connectors 1644, 1648, 1652, 1656 engage withtransmission elements configured to apply tensile forces on the steeringcables 1634, 1635, 1636, 1637 to thereby steer the distal end 1624 ofthe flexible shaft 1620. The data transfer cable 1638 is electricallyand logically connected with data connector 1660. The data connector1660 includes, for example, electrical contacts 1662, corresponding toand equal in number to the number of individual wires contained in thedata cable 1638. The first coupling 1622 includes a key structure 1642configured to properly orient the first coupling 1622 to a mating andcomplementary coupling arrangement disposed on the housing 1612. The keystructure 1642 may be provided on either one, or both, of the firstcoupling 1622 and the mating and complementary coupling arrangementdisposed on the housing 1612. The first coupling 1622 may include aquick-connect type connector, which may engage the first coupling 1622to the housing 1612 by a simple pushing motion. Seals may be provided inconjunction with any of the several connectors 1644, 1648, 1652, 1656,1660 to provide a fluid-tight seal between the interior of firstcoupling 1622 and the environment.

Referring now to FIG. 10, there is seen a front end view of the secondcoupling 1626 of the flexible shaft 1620. In the example embodiment, thesecond coupling 1626 includes a first connector 1666 and a secondconnector 1668, each rotatably secured to the second coupling 1626 andeach non-rotatably secured to a distal end of a respective one of thefirst and second drive shafts 94, 102. A quick-connect type fitting 1664is provided on the second coupling 1626 to detachably secure the device11 thereto. The quick-connect type fitting 1664 may be, for example, arotary quick-connect type fitting, a bayonet type fitting, etc. and maybe a fitting complementary to the quick connect sleeve 713 illustratedin FIG. 2( b). A key structure 1674 may be provided on the secondcoupling 1626 and may be configured to properly align the surgicaldevice 11 to the second coupling 1626. The key structure or otherarrangement configured to properly align the surgical device 11 to theflexible shaft 1620 may be provided on either one, or both, of thesecond coupling 1626 and the surgical device 11. In addition, the keystructure may be provided on the device 11, as illustrated in FIG. 2( b)as the slots 713 a of the quick connect sleeve 713. A data connector1670 having electrical contacts 1672 is also provided in the secondcoupling 1626. Like the data connector 1660 of first coupling 1622, thedata connector 1670 of the second coupling 1626 includes contacts 1672electrically and logically connected to the respective wires of the datatransfer cable 1638 and the contacts 1662 of the data connector 1660.Seals may be provided in conjunction with the connectors 1666, 1668,1670 to provide a fluid-tight seal between the interior of the secondcoupling 1626 and the environment.

Disposed within the housing 1614 of the remote power console 1612 areelectro-mechanical driver elements configured to drive the drive shafts94, 102 and the steering cables 1634, 1635, 1636, 1637 to therebyoperate the electro-mechanical driver component 1610 and the surgicaldevice 11 attached to the second coupling 1626. In the exampleembodiment illustrated schematically in FIG. 11, five electric motors96, 100, 1684, 1690, 1696, each operated via a power source, may bedisposed in the remote power console 1612. It should be appreciated,however, that any appropriate number of motors may be provided, and themotors may operate via battery power, line current, a DC power supply,an electronically controlled DC power supply, etc. It should also beappreciated that the motors may be connected to a DC power supply, whichis in turn connected to line current and which supplies the operatingcurrent to the motors.

FIG. 11 illustrates schematically one possible arrangement of motors. Anoutput shaft 1678 of a first motor 96 engages with the first connector1644 of the first coupling 1622 when the first coupling 1622, and,therefore, the flexible shaft 1620, is engaged with the housing 1614 tothereby drive the first drive shaft 94 and the first connector 1666 ofthe second coupling 1626. Similarly, an output shaft 1682 of a secondmotor 100 engages the second connector 1648 of the first coupling 1622when the first coupling 1622, and, therefore, flexible shaft 1620 isengaged with the housing 1614 to thereby drive the second drive shaft102 and the second connector 1668 of the second coupling 1626. An outputshaft 1686 of a third motor 1684 engages the third connector 1652 of thefirst coupling 1622 when the first coupling 1622, and, therefore, theflexible shaft 1620, is engaged with the housing 1614 to thereby drivethe first and second steering cables 1634, 1635 via a first pulleyarrangement 1688. An output shaft 1692 of a fourth motor 1690 engagesthe fourth connector 1656 of the first coupling 1622 when the firstcoupling 1622, and, therefore, the flexible shaft 1620, is engaged withthe housing 1614 to thereby drive the third and fourth steering cables1636, 1637 via a second pulley arrangement 1694. The third and fourthmotors 1684, 1690 may be secured on a carriage 1100, which isselectively movable via an output shaft 1698 of a fifth motor 1696between a first position and a second position to selectively engage anddisengage the third and fourth motors 1684, 1690 with the respectivepulley arrangement 1688, 1694 to thereby permit the flexible shaft 1620to become taut and steerable or limp as necessary. It should beappreciated that other mechanical, electrical and/or electro-mechanicalmechanisms, etc., may be used to selectively engage and disengage thesteering mechanism. The motors may be arranged and configured asdescribed, for example, in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/510,923,filed on Feb. 22, 2000, entitled “A Carriage Assembly for Controlling aSteering Wire Mechanism Within a Flexible Shaft,” now U.S. Pat. No.6,517,565, Issued on Feb. 11, 2003, which is expressly incorporatedherein in its entirety by reference thereto. It should also beappreciated that, in accordance with other embodiments of the presentinvention, the steering mechanism may not be present at all, thesurgical device 11 providing articulation between the jaw portion 11 aand the shaft portion 11 b so as to maneuver the surgical device 11within a surgical site.

It should be appreciated that any one or more of the motors 96, 100,1684, 1690, 1696 may be, for example, a high-speed/low-torque motor, alow-speed/high-torque motor, etc. As indicated above, the firstrotatable drive shaft 94 and the second rotatable drive shaft 102 may beconfigured to transmit high speed and low torque. Thus, the first motor96 and the second motor 100 may be configured as high-speed/low-torquemotors. Alternatively, the first motor 96 and the second motor 100 maybe configured as low-speed/high-torque motors with atorque-reducing/speed-increasing gear arrangement disposed between thefirst motor 96 and the second motor 100 and a respective one of thefirst rotatable drive shaft 94 and the second rotatable drive shaft 102.Such torque-reducing/speed-increasing gear arrangements may include, forexample, a spur gear arrangement, a planetary gear arrangement, aharmonic gear arrangement, cycloidal drive arrangement, an epicyclicgear arrangement, etc. It should be appreciated that any such geararrangement may be disposed within the remote power console 1612 or inthe proximal end of the flexible shaft 1620, such as, for example, inthe first coupling 1622. It should be appreciated that the geararrangement(s) may be provided at the distal and/or proximal ends of thefirst rotatable drive shaft 94 and/or the second rotatable drive shaft102 to prevent windup and breakage thereof. As set forth above, theexample embodiment described hereinabove includes various such gearingarrangements for providing appropriate speed/torque function.

Referring now to FIG. 12, there is seen a schematic view of theelectro-mechanical driver component 1610. A controller 1122 is providedin the housing 1614 of remote power console 1612 and is configured tocontrol all functions and operations of the electro-mechanical drivercomponent 1610 and the linear clamping, cutting and stapling device 11or other surgical instrument or attachment attached to the flexibleshaft 1620. A memory unit 1130 is provided and may include memorydevices, such as, a ROM component 1132, a RAM component 1134, etc. TheROM component 1132 is in electrical and logical communication with thecontroller 1122 via a line 1136, and the RAM component 1134 is inelectrical and logical communication with controller 1122 via line 1138.The RAM component 1134 may include any type of random-access memory,such as, for example, a magnetic memory device, an optical memorydevice, a magneto-optical memory device, an electronic memory device,etc. Similarly, the ROM component 1132 may include any type of read-onlymemory, such as, for example, a removable memory device, such as aPC-Card or PCMCIA-type device. It should be appreciated that the ROMcomponent 1132 and the RAM component 1134 may be configured as a singleunit or may be separate units and that the ROM component 1132 and/or theRAM component 1134 may be provided in the form of a PC-Card orPCMCIA-type device.

The controller 1122 is further connected to the front panel 1615 of thehousing 1614 and, more particularly, to the display device 1616 via aline 1154 and the indicators 1618 a, 1618 b via respective lines 1156,1158. The lines 1116, 1118, 1124, 1126, 1128 electrically and logicallyconnect controller 1122 to first, second, third, fourth and fifth motors96, 100, 1684, 1690, 1696, respectively. A wired remote control unit(“RCU”) 1150 is electrically and logically connected to the controller1122 via a line 1152. A wireless RCU 1148 is also provided andcommunicates via a wireless link 1160 with a receiving/sending unit 1146connected via a line 1144 to a transceiver 1140. The transceiver 1140 iselectrically and logically connected to the controller 1122 via a line1142. The wireless link 1160 may be, for example, an optical link, suchas an infrared link, a radio link or any other form of wirelesscommunication link.

A switch device 1186, which may include, for example, an array of DIPswitches, may be connected to the controller 1122 via a line 1188. Theswitch device 1186 may be configured, for example, to select one of aplurality of languages used in displaying messages and prompts on thedisplay device 1616. The messages and prompts may relate to, forexample, the operation and/or the status of the electro-mechanicaldriver component 1610 and/or to the surgical device 11 attached thereto.

According to the example embodiment of the present invention, a firstencoder 1106 is provided within the second coupling 1626 and isconfigured to output a signal in response to and in accordance with therotation of the first drive shaft 94. A second encoder 1108 is alsoprovided within the second coupling 626 and is configured to output asignal in response to and in accordance with the rotation of the seconddrive shaft 102. The signal output by each of the encoders 1106, 1108may represent the rotational position of the respective drive shaft 94,102 as well as the rotational direction thereof. These encodes may be anarrangement of light sources, e.g., LEDs, and optical fibers asillustrated for instance in FIG. 6( e). Alternatively, such encoders1106, 1108 may include, for example, Hall-effect devices, opticaldevices, etc. Although the encoders 1106, 1108 are described as beingdisposed within the second coupling 1626, it should be appreciated thatthe encoders 1106, 1108 may be provided at any location between themotor system and the surgical device 11. It should be appreciated thatproviding the encoders 1106, 1108 within the second coupling 1626 or atthe distal end of the flexible shaft 1620 may provide an accuratedetermination of the drive shaft rotation. If the encoders 1106, 1108are disposed at the proximal end of the flexible shaft 1620, windup ofthe first and second rotatable drive shafts 94, 102 may result inmeasurement error.

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of an encoder 1106, 1108, which includes aHall-effect device. Mounted non-rotatably on the drive shaft 94, 102 isa magnet 1240 having a north pole 1242 and a south pole 1244. Theencoder 1106, 1108 further includes a first sensor 1246 and secondsensor 1248, which are disposed approximately 90° apart relative to thelongitudinal, or rotational, axis of the drive shaft 94, 102. The outputof the sensors 1246, 1248 is persistent and changes its state as afunction of a change of polarity of the magnetic field in the detectionrange of the sensor. Thus, based on the output signal from the encoders1106, 1108, the angular position of the drive shaft 94, 102 may bedetermined within one-quarter revolution and the direction of rotationof the drive shaft 94, 102 may be determined. The output of each encoder1106, 1108 is transmitted via a respective line 1110, 1112 of datatransfer cable 1638 to controller 1122. The controller 1122, by trackingthe angular position and rotational direction of the drive shafts 94,102 based on the output signal from the encoders 1106, 1108, may therebydetermine the position and/or state of the components of the surgicaldevice connected to the electro-mechanical driver component 1610. Thatis, by counting the revolutions of the drive shaft 94, 102, thecontroller 1122 may determine the position and/or state of thecomponents of the surgical device connected to the electro-mechanicaldriver component 1610.

For example, the advancement distance of the first jaw 50 relative tothe second jaw 80 and of the wedge 2603 may be functions of, andascertainable on the basis of, the rotation of the respective driveshafts 94, 102. By ascertaining an absolute position of the first jaw 50and the wedge 2603 at a point in time, the relative displacement of thefirst jaw 50 and the wedge 2603, based on the output signal from theencoders 1106, 1108 and the known pitches of the clamp screw 559 and ofthe wedge driver 2605, may be used to ascertain the absolute position ofthe first jaw 50 and the wedge 2603 at all times thereafter. Theabsolute position of the first jaw 50 and the wedge 2603 may be fixedand ascertained at the time that the surgical device 11 is first coupledto the flexible shaft 1620. Alternatively, the position of the first jaw50 and the wedge 603 relative to, for example, the second jaw 80 may bedetermined based on the output signal from the encoders 1106, 1108.

Still further, the surgical device 11 may include optical sensors 3001,3002, 3003 and 3004, as shown, for example, in FIG. 3( b). These opticalsensors 3001, 3002, 3003 and 3004 may operate in conjunction with thefunction selector block 609. Depending on the position of the functionselector block 609, corresponding signals to and from various ones ofthe optical sensors 3001, 3002, 3003 and 3004 are blocked, therebyproviding a suitable controller with an indication when the surgicaldevice 11 is in one of the four above-described functional positions,e.g., rotation, articulation, opening/closing of the jaws relative toeach other, and firing the cutting and/or stapling mechanism.

As discussed above in connection with FIGS. 2( b) and 10, the surgicaldevice 11 may include a data connector 1272 adapted by size andconfiguration to electrically and logically connect to connector 1670 ofsecond coupling 1626. In the example embodiment, the data connector 1272includes contacts 1276 equal in number to the number of contacts 1672 ofconnector 1670. The memory module 6041 is electrically and logicallyconnected with the data connector 1272. Memory module 6041 may be in theform of, for example, an EEPROM, EPROM, etc. and may be contained, forexample, within the staple tray 2604 of the replaceable staple cartridge2600 in the second jaw 80 of the surgical device 11, as illustrated inFIG. 3( f).

FIG. 14 schematically illustrates the memory module 6041. As seen inFIG. 14, data connector 1272 includes contacts 1276, each electricallyand logically connected to the memory module 6041 via a respective line,e.g., flexible data cable 1278. The memory module 6041 may be configuredto store, for example, a serial number data 1180, an attachment typeidentifier (ID) data 1182 and a usage data 1184. The memory module 6041may additionally store other data. Both the serial number data 1180 andthe ID data 1182 may be configured as read-only data. The serial numberdata 1180 and/or the ID data 1182 may be stored in a read-only sectionof the memory module 6041. In the example embodiment, serial number data1180 may be data uniquely identifying the particular surgical device,whereas the ID data 1182 may be data identifying the type of theattachment, such as, e.g., for an electro-mechanical driver component1610 to which other types of surgical instruments or attachments areattachable. The usage data 1184 represents usage of the particularattachment, such as, for example, the number of times the first jaw 50of the surgical device 11 has been opened and closed, or the number oftimes that the wedge 2603 of the surgical device 11 has been advanced.The usage data 1184 may be stored in a read/write section of the memorymodule 6041.

It should be appreciated that the attachment attachable to the distalend 1624 of the flexible shaft 1620, e.g., surgical device 11, may bedesigned and configured to be used a single time or multiple times. Theattachment may also be designed and configured to be used apredetermined number of times. Accordingly, the usage data 1184 may beused to determine whether the surgical device 11 has been used andwhether the number of uses has exceeded the maximum number of permitteduses. As more fully described below, an attempt to use the attachmentafter the maximum number of permitted uses has been reached willgenerate an ERROR condition.

Referring again to FIG. 12, the controller 1122 is configured to readthe ID data 1182 from the memory module 6041 of the surgical device 11when the surgical device 11 is initially connected to the flexible shaft1620. The memory module 6041 is electrically and logically connected tothe controller 1122 via the line 1120 of the data transfer cable 1638.Based on the read ID data 1182, the controller 1122 is configured toread or select from the memory unit 1130, an operating program oralgorithm corresponding to the type of surgical instrument or attachmentconnected to the flexible shaft 1620. The memory unit 1130 is configuredto store the operating programs or algorithms for each available type ofsurgical instrument or attachment, the controller 1122 selecting and/orreading the operating program or algorithm from the memory unit 1130 inaccordance with the ID data 1182 read from the memory module 6041 of anattached surgical instrument or attachment. As indicated above, thememory unit 1130 may include a removable ROM component 1132 and/or RAMcomponent 1134. Thus, the operating programs or algorithms stored in thememory unit 1130 may be updated, added, deleted, improved or otherwiserevised as necessary. The operating programs or algorithms stored in thememory unit 1130 may be customizable based on, for example, specializedneeds of the user. A data entry device, such as, for example, akeyboard, a mouse, a pointing device, a touch screen, etc., may beconnected to the memory unit 1130 via, for example, a data connectorport, to facilitate the customization of the operating programs oralgorithms. Alternatively or additionally, the operating programs oralgorithms may be customized and preprogrammed into the memory unit 1130remotely from the electro-mechanical driver component 1610. It should beappreciated that the serial number data 1180 and/or usage data 1184 mayalso be used to determine which of a plurality of operating programs oralgorithms is read or selected from the memory unit 1130. It should beappreciated that the operating program or algorithm may alternatively bestored in the memory module 6041 of the surgical device 11 andtransferred to the controller 1122 via the data transfer cable 1638.Once the appropriate operating program or algorithm is read by orselected by or transmitted to, the controller 1122, the controller 1122causes the operating program or algorithm to be executed in accordancewith operations performed by the user via the wired RCU 1150 and/or thewireless RCU 1148. As indicated hereinabove, the controller 1122 iselectrically and logically connected with the first, second, third,fourth and fifth motors 96, 100, 1684, 1690, 1696 via respective lines1116, 1118, 1124, 1126, 1128 and is configured to control such motors96, 100, 1684, 1690, 1696 in accordance with the read, selected ortransmitted operating program or algorithm via the respective lines1116, 1118, 1124, 1126, 1128.

Referring now to FIG. 15, there is seen a schematic view of wireless RCU1148. Wireless RCU 1148 includes a steering controller 1300 having aplurality of switches 1302, 1304, 1306, 1308 arranged under a four-wayrocker 1310. The operation of switches 1302, 1304, via rocker 1310,controls the operation of first and second steering cables 1634, 1635via third motor 1684. Similarly, the operation of switches 1306, 1308,via rocker 1310, controls the operation of third and fourth steeringcables 1636, 1637 via fourth motor 1692. It should be appreciated thatrocker 1310 and switches 1302, 1304, 1306, 1308 are arranged so that theoperation of switches 1302, 1304 steers the flexible shaft 1620 in thenorth-south direction and that the operation of switches 1306, 1308steers the flexible shaft 1620 in the east-west direction. Referenceherein to north, south, east and west is made to a relative coordinatesystem. Alternatively, a digital joystick, an analog joystick, etc. maybe provided in place of rocker 1310 and switches 1302, 1304, 1306, 1308.Potentiometers or any other type of actuator may also be used in placeof switches 1302, 1304, 1306, 1308.

The wireless RCU 1148 further includes a steering engage/disengageswitch 1312, the operation of which controls the operation of fifthmotor 696 to selectively engage and disengage the steering mechanism.The wireless RCU 1148 also includes a two-way rocker 1314 having firstand second switches 1316, 1318 operable thereby. The operation of theseswitches 1316, 1318 controls certain functions of the electro-mechanicaldriver component 1610 and any surgical instrument or attachment, such asthe surgical device 11, attached to the flexible shaft 1620 inaccordance with the operating program or algorithm corresponding to theattached device. For example, operation of the two-way rocker 1314 maycontrol the opening and closing of the first jaw 50 and the second jaw80 of the surgical device 11. The wireless RCU 1148 is provided with yetanother switch 1320, the operation of which may further control theoperation of the electro-mechanical driver component 1610 and the deviceattached to the flexible shaft 1620 in accordance with the operatingprogram or algorithm corresponding to the attached device. For example,operation of the switch 1320 may initiate the advancement of the wedge603 of the surgical device 11.

The wireless RCU 1148 includes a controller 1322, which is electricallyand logically connected with the switches 1302, 1304, 1306, 1308 vialine 1324, with the switches 1316, 1318 via line 1326, with switch 1312via line 1328 and with switch 1320 via line 1330. The wireless RCU 1148may include indicators 1618 a′, 1618 b′, corresponding to the indicators1618 a, 1618 b of front panel 1615, and a display device 1616′,corresponding to the display device 1616 of the front panel 1615. Ifprovided, the indicators 1618 a′, 1618 b′ are electrically and logicallyconnected to controller 1322 via respective lines 1332, 1334, and thedisplay device 1616′ is electrically and logically connected tocontroller 1322 via line 1336. The controller 1322 is electrically andlogically connected to a transceiver 1338 via line 1340, and thetransceiver 1338 is electrically and logically connected to areceiver/transmitter 1342 via line 1344. A power supply, for example, abattery, may be provided in wireless RCU 1148 to power the same. Thus,the wireless RCU 1148 may be used to control the operation of theelectro-mechanical driver component 1610 and the device 11 attached tothe flexible shaft 1620 via wireless link 1160.

The wireless RCU 1148 may include a switch 1346 connected to acontroller 1322 via line 1348. Operation of the switch 1346 transmits adata signal to the transmitter/receiver 1146 via wireless link 1160. Thedata signal includes identification data uniquely identifying thewireless RCU 1148. This identification data is used by the controller1122 to prevent unauthorized operation of the electro-mechanical drivercomponent 1610 and to prevent interference with the operation of theelectro-mechanical driver component 610 by another wireless RCU. Eachsubsequent communication between the wireless RCU 1148 and theelectro-mechanical device surgical 610 may include the identificationdata. Thus, the controller 1122 may discriminate between wireless RCUsand thereby allow only a single, identifiable wireless RCU 1148 tocontrol the operation of the electro-mechanical driver component 1610and the surgical device 11 attached to the flexible shaft 1620.

Based on the positions of the components of the surgical device attachedto the flexible shaft 1620, as determined in accordance with the outputsignals from the encoders 1106, 1108, the controller 1122 mayselectively enable or disable the functions of the electro-mechanicaldriver component 1610 as defined by the operating program or algorithmcorresponding to the attached device. For example, for the surgicaldevice 11, the firing function controlled by the operation of the switch1320 may be disabled unless the space or gap between the first jaw 50and the second jaw 80 is determined to be within an acceptable range.

Referring now to FIG. 16, there is seen a schematic view of a wired RCU1150. In the example embodiment, wired RCU 1150 includes substantiallythe same control elements as the wireless RCU 1148 and furtherdescription of such elements is omitted. Like elements are indicated inFIG. 16 with an accompanying prime. It should be appreciated that thefunctions of the electro-mechanical driver component 1610 and the deviceattached to the flexible shaft 1620, e.g., the surgical device 11, maybe controlled by the wired RCU 1150 and/or by the wireless RCU 1148. Inthe event of a battery failure, for example, in the wireless RCU 1148,the wired RCU 1150 may be used to control the functions of theelectro-mechanical driver component 1610 and the device attached to theflexible shaft 1620.

As described hereinabove, the front panel 1615 of the housing 1614includes the display device 1616 and the indicators 1618 a, 1618 b. Thedisplay device 1616 may include an alpha-numeric display device, such asan LCD display device. The display device 1616 may also include an audiooutput device, such as a speaker, a buzzer, etc. The display device 1616is operated and controlled by controller 1122 in accordance with theoperating program or algorithm corresponding to the device attached tothe flexible shaft 1620, e.g., the surgical device 11. If no surgicalinstrument or attachment is so attached, a default operating program oralgorithm may be read by or selected by or transmitted to controller1122 to thereby control the operation of the display device 1616 as wellas the other aspects and functions of the electro-mechanical drivercomponent 1610. If the surgical device 11 is attached to the flexibleshaft 1620, the display device 1616 may display, for example, dataindicative of the gap between the first jaw 50 and the second jaw 80 asdetermined in accordance with the output signal of encoders 1106, 1108,as more fully described hereinabove.

Similarly, the indicators 1618 a, 1618 b are operated and controlled bythe controller 1122 in accordance with the operating program oralgorithm corresponding to the device attached to the flexible shaft1620, e.g., the surgical device 11. The indicator 1618 a and/or theindicator 1618 b may include an audio output device, such as a speaker,a buzzer, etc., and/or a visual indicator device, such as an LED, alamp, a light, etc. If the surgical device 11 is attached to theflexible shaft 1620, the indicator 1618 a may indicate, for example,that the electro-mechanical driver component 1610 is in a power ONstate, and the indicator 618 b may, for example, indicate whether thegap between the first jaw 50 and the second jaw 80 is determined to bewithin the acceptable range. It should be appreciated that although twoindicators 1618 a, 1618 b are described, any number of additionalindicators may be provided as necessary. Additionally, it should beappreciated that although a single display device 1616 is described, anynumber of additional display devices may be provided as necessary.

The display device 1616′ and the indicators 1618 a′, 1618 b′ of wiredRCU 1150 and the display device 1616″ and indicators 1618 a″, 1618 b″ ofthe wireless RCU 1148 are similarly operated and controlled byrespective controller 1322, 1322′ in accordance with the operatingprogram or algorithm of the device attached to the flexible shaft 1620.

FIGS. 15 and 16 illustrate schematic views of a wireless and a wiredRCU, respectively, each of which is configured to control, uponactuation by an operator, the various functions to be performed by thesurgical device 11, e.g., rotation, articulation, opening/closing of thejaws relative to each other and firing a cutting and/or staplingmechanism. As set forth above, the surgical device 11 may also includevarious other arrangements for controlling the performance of thesefunctions. For example, FIG. 3( b) illustrates that, in accordance withan embodiment of the present invention, the surgical device 11 mayinclude a rotation/articulation control device 3006 and/or anopen/close/fire control device 3007.

In the embodiment shown, the rotation/articulation control device 3006is a joystick-type device that is positioned on a top surface of thehandle 1103 so as to be actuatable by an operator's thumb when theoperator is holding the handle 1103. The rotation/articulation controldevice 3006 may function similarly to the above-described four-wayrocker 1310 of the wireless RCU 1148, in that movement of therotation/articulation control device 3006 in a north-south direction maycontrol the operation of the rotation driver 202 when the surgicaldevice 11 is in a rotation mode, e.g., when the function selector block609 is positioned in the first functional position. For example, whenthe rotation/articulation control device 3006 is moved by an operator ina north direction, e.g., by pushing the rotation/articulation controldevice 3006 distally, the rotation driver 202 may be actuated so as tocause the second rotatable drive shaft 1110 b to rotate in a directionsuitable to cause the shaft portion 11 b to rotate in a clockwisedirection relative to the handle 1103. Likewise, when therotation/articulation control device 3006 is moved by an operator in asouth direction, e.g., by pushing the rotation/articulation controldevice 3006 proximally, the rotation driver 202 may be actuated so as tocause the second rotatable drive shaft 1110 b to rotate in a directionsuitable to cause the shaft portion 11 b to rotate in acounter-clockwise direction relative to the handle 1103. The surgicaldevice 11 may be configured such that, if the function selector block609 is not positioned in the first functional position, e.g., inrotation mode, the rotation driver 202 may be locked-out, e.g.,prevented from moving whereby movement of the rotation/articulationcontrol device 3006 in either of the north or south directions will notcause actuation of the rotation driver 202.

The rotation/articulation control device 3006 may also functionsimilarly to the above-described four-way rocker 1310 of the wirelessRCU 1148, in that movement of the rotation/articulation control device3006 in an east-west direction may control the operation of thearticulation driver 201 when the surgical device 11 is in a articulationmode, e.g., when the function selector block 609 is positioned in thesecond functional position. For example, when the rotation/articulationcontrol device 3006 is moved by an operator in a west direction, e.g.,by pushing the rotation/articulation control device 3006 to the left,the articulation driver 201 may be actuated so as to cause the secondrotatable drive shaft 1110 b to rotate in a direction suitable to causethe jaw portion 11 a to rotate in a clockwise direction relative to theshaft portion 11 b. Likewise, when the rotation/articulation controldevice 3006 is moved by an operator in an east direction, e.g., bypushing the rotation/articulation control device 3006 to the right, thearticulation driver 201 may be actuated so as to cause the secondrotatable drive shaft 1110 b to rotate in a direction suitable to causethe jaw portion 11 a to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction relativeto the shaft portion 11 b. The surgical device 11 may be configured suchthat, if the function selector block 609 is not positioned in the secondfunctional position, e.g., in articulation mode, the articulation driver201 may be locked-out, e.g., prevented from moving whereby movement ofthe rotation/articulation control device 3006 in either of the east orwest directions will not cause actuation of the articulation driver 201.

Also, in the embodiment shown, the open/close/fire control device 3007is a trigger-type device that is suitably positioned, e.g., on a bottomsurface of the handle 1103, and sized so as to be actuatable by anoperator's forefinger when the operator is holding the handle 1103. Theopen/close/fire control device 3007 may function similarly to theabove-described two-way rocker 1314 of the wireless RCU 1148, in thatmovement of the open/close/fire control device 3007 in first and seconddirections may control the operation of the clamping driver 88 when thesurgical device 11 is in a clamping mode, e.g., when the functionselector block 609 is positioned in the third functional position. Forexample, when the open/close/fire control device 3007 is moved by anoperator in a first direction, e.g., by depressing a top portion of theopen/close/fire control device 3007, the clamping driver 88 may beactuated so as to cause the second rotatable drive shaft 1110 b torotate in a direction suitable to cause the first jaw to open relativeto the second jaw 80. Likewise, when the open/close/fire control device3007 is moved by an operator in a second direction, e.g., by depressinga bottom portion of the open/close/fire control device 3007, theclamping driver 88 may be actuated so as to cause the second rotatabledrive shaft 1110 b to rotate in a direction suitable to cause the firstjaw to close relative to the second jaw 80. The surgical device 11 maybe configured such that, if the function selector block 609 is notpositioned in the third functional position, e.g., in clamping mode, theclamping driver 88 may be locked-out, e.g., prevented from movingwhereby movement of the open/close/fire control device 3007 in either ofthe first or second directions will not cause actuation of the clampingdriver 88.

The open/close/fire control device 3007 may also function similarly tothe above-described switch 1320 of the wireless RCU 1148, in thatmovement of the open/close/fire control device 3007 in a first andsecond direction may control the operation of the firing driver 98 whenthe surgical device 11 is in a firing mode, e.g., when the functionselector block 609 is positioned in the fourth functional position. Forexample, when the open/close/fire control device 3007 is moved by anoperator in a first direction, e.g., by depressing a top portion of theopen/close/fire control device 3007, the firing driver 98 may beactuated so as to cause the second rotatable drive shaft 1110 b torotate in a direction suitable to cause the firing shaft 557 and thewedge driver 2605 to rotate in a clockwise direction to thereby drivethe wedge 2603 and/or the blade 51 through a section of tissue.Likewise, when the open/close/fire control device 3007 is moved by anoperator in a second direction, e.g., by depressing a bottom portion ofthe open/close/fire control device 3007, the firing driver 98 may beactuated so as to cause the firing shaft 557 and the wedge driver 2605to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction to thereby retract the wedge2603 and/or the blade 51 back to their initial positions. The surgicaldevice 11 may be configured such that, if the function selector block609 is not positioned in the fourth functional position, e.g., in firingmode, the firing driver 98 may be locked-out, e.g., prevented frommoving whereby movement of the open/close/fire control device 3007 ineither of the first or second directions will not cause actuation of thefiring driver 98.

The transmission of signals from the rotation/articulation controldevice 3006 and/or the open/close/fire control device 3007 toappropriate controllers may be performed either by wired connection orwireless transmission, using the communication arrangements similar tothose illustrated in FIGS. 15 and 16, respectively.

The surgical device 11 of the present invention may also employ animaging arrangement, e.g., a camera. In such an arrangement, an imagingdevice may be positioned at a suitable location of the surgical device11 so as to provide to an operator imaging data corresponding to asurgical site. Advantageously, the imaging device is articulatable alongwith the jaw portion 11 a, such that appropriate image data may beprovided to an operator irrespective of whether the jaw portion 11 a hasbeen rotated clockwise or counter-clockwise relative to the shaftportion 11 b.

As set forth above, one problem with conventional surgical devices, andin particular with the conventional linear clamping, cutting andstapling devices such as that illustrated in FIG. 1, is that theopposing jaws may be difficult to maneuver within a patient. It may benecessary for a surgeon to move the opposing jaws between various anglesin order to position the desired tissue between the opposing jaws.However, it may also be desirable to make an incision in a patient thatis as small as possible, and the small size of an incision limits thedegree to which the opposing jaws may be maneuvered. Example embodimentsof the present invention may provide improved maneuverability of asurgical device, e.g., the surgical device 11, within a patient.

Another problem with the conventional surgical devices, and inparticular with the foregoing linear clamping, cutting and staplingdevices such as that illustrated in FIG. 1, is that the opposing jawsmay not be sufficiently hemostatic. Specifically, the opposing jaws ofthe foregoing surgical devices may not be clamped together withsufficient force, thereby reducing the effectiveness of the surgicaldevice. Example embodiments of the present invention may provideimproved clamping of a section of tissue disposed between the jaws of asurgical device, e.g., the surgical device 11, thereby providing asufficiently hemostatic condition with respect to the clamped section oftissue.

As set forth above, the surgical device of the present invention mayemploy motors to drive the first and second rotatable drive shafts 1110a and 1110 b, wherein the motors are integral with the surgical device11. For example, FIG. 2( c) is a schematic diagram that illustrates anarrangement of the surgical device 11, according to an exampleembodiment of the present invention, in which the first motor 961 andsecond motor 1001 are arranged within the handle 1103, such that thefirst and second rotatable drive shafts 1110 a and 1110 b are connectedto the first and second motors 961, 1001, respectively. FIGS. 17( a)through 18(d) provide additional details of such an embodiment, andparticularly, an arrangement in which various components, e.g., motors,power source, etc., are integral with the device.

FIG. 17( a) is a side perspective view of such a surgical device,according to an example embodiment of the present invention. Referringnow to FIG. 17( a), there is shown a surgical device 800 that isconfigured to stand alone, e.g., that includes various motors, driveshafts, control systems, etc., in an integral arrangement such thatattachment to a separate electro-mechanical surgical system iseliminated. Such an arrangement may include the advantage that thesurgical device 800 is not connected prior to use to aseparately-disposed drive system. The surgical device 800 is configuredso as to be particularly well-suited for insertion into the body of apatient, e.g., via a cannula (not shown). In the embodiment shown, thesurgical device 800 is a clamping, cutting and stapling device. Thesurgical device 800 includes a jaw portion 811 a that is pivotablycoupled to a shaft portion 811 b by a hinge portion 811 c. The jawportion 811 a includes a first jaw 850 having a distal end and aproximal end, and a second jaw 880 having a distal end and a proximalend. The first jaw 850 and the second jaw 880 are pivotably coupledrelative to each other at or near their respective proximal ends. Asshown, the first jaw 850 and the second jaw 880 are pivotable relativeto each other about pivot axis A. In this arrangement, the jaws areconfigured such that, upon opening and closing of the first jaw 850relative to the second jaw 880 and at points in the movement of thefirst jaw 850 relative to the second jaw 880, both the first jaw 850 andthe second jaw 880, e.g., their longitudinal axes, remain within aplane. It should be understood, however, that the surgical device 800may instead be configured such that the first jaw 850 and the second jaw880 are pivotable relative to each other about a pivot axis that isoriented differently from that shown.

As mentioned above, the jaw portion 811 a is pivotably coupled to theshaft portion 811 b by the hinge portion 811 c. Specifically, the jawportion 811 a is pivotable relative to the shaft portion 811 b about apivot axis B, which may be positioned at any location on or between thejaw portion 811 a and the shaft portion 811 b, and at anycircumferential location relative to the jaw portion 811 a and the shaftportion 811 b. In the example embodiment shown, the pivot axis B isoriented vertically, and within the page, in the view shown. In thisarrangement, the jaw portion 811 a and the shaft portion 811 b areconfigured such that, upon articulation of the jaw portion 811 arelative to the shaft portion 811 b and at any point in the movement ofthe jaw portion 811 a relative to the shaft portion 811 b, the jawportion 811 a and the shaft portion 811 b remain within a plane that isperpendicular to the pivot axis B. It should be recognized that, inother example embodiments, the pivot axis B may have a differentorientation, so as to enable the jaw portion 811 a to pivot within adifferent plane. The jaw portion 811 a may be pivotable to and betweenany angles relative to the shaft portion 811 b, such that the jawportion 811 a can be selectively positioned as desired during use.

Furthermore, the surgical device 800 may provide rotation of variouscomponents about a longitudinal axis of the surgical device 800. Forexample, in various embodiments, the jaw and/or shaft portions 811 a,811 b may be rotatable relative to a handle 8103 (described inadditional detail below), that is attached to a proximal end of theshaft portion 811 b, about a longitudinal axis D of the handle 8103,e.g., the longitudinal axis D of the handle 8103 at the point where thehandle 8103 meets the shaft portion 811 b. The shaft portion 811 b mayinclude a distal portion 8101 a, to which the jaw portion 811 a isconnected, and a proximal portion 8101 b, which may be connected to thehandle 8103.

Generally, the handle 8103 may be grasped by an operator to operate thesurgical device 800. The handle 8103 has a proximal portion 8102, whichin the embodiment shown, forms a base. In addition, the handle 8103 hasan intermediate portion 8104, which includes several finger-actuatedcontrol buttons 8107, 8108 and rocker devices 8117, 8118. Still further,the handle 8103 has a distal portion 8105 that is connected to the shaftportion 811 b.

FIG. 17( b) is a partial cutaway view of the surgical device 800,showing additional details of the components internal to the handle8103. As shown, the proximal portion 8102 of the handle 8103 provides ahousing in which a power source, e.g., a battery 8106, may be situated.The battery 8106 may be configured to supply power to any of thecomponents of the surgical device 800. As set forth above, thisarrangement may provide an advantage over other surgical devices in thatattachment of the surgical device 800 to a power source of a separateelectro-mechanical surgical system may be eliminated.

Likewise, the intermediate portion 8104 of the handle 8103 provides ahousing in which a circuit board 8109 may be situated. The circuit board8109 may be configured to control the various operations of the surgicaldevice 800, as set forth in additional detail below. As set forth above,this arrangement may provide an advantage over other surgical devices inthat attachment of the surgical device 800 to a control system, e.g.,software and the like, of a separate electro-mechanical surgical systemmay be eliminated.

Located on the proximal side of the intermediate portion 8104 of thehandle 8103 are control buttons 8107, 8108 and rocker devices 8117,8118. Each one of the control buttons 8107, 8108 and rocker devices8117, 8118 include a respective magnet that is moved by the actuation ofan operator. In addition, the circuit board 8109 includes, for each oneof the control buttons 8107, 8108 and rocker devices 8117, 8118,respective Hall-effect switches that are actuated by the movement of themagnets in the control buttons 8107, 8108 and rocker devices 8117, 8118.For example, located immediately proximal to the control button 8107 isa Hall-effect switch that is actuated upon the movement of a magnetwithin the control button 8107 upon the operator actuating the controlbutton 8107. The actuation of the Hall-effect switch causes the circuitboard 8109 to provide appropriate signals to a function selection module8210 and an input drive component 8310 (explained further below) toclose the first jaw 850 relative to the second jaw 880 and/or to fire astapling/cutting cartridge within the second jaw 880.

Also, located immediately proximal to the rocker device 8117 is aHall-effect switch that is actuated upon the movement of a magnet withinthe rocker device 8117 upon the operator actuating the rocker device8117. The actuation of the Hall-effect switch causes the circuit board8109 to provide appropriate signals to the function selection module8210 and the input drive component 8310 to articulate the jaw portion811 a relative to the shaft portion 811 b. Advantageously, movement ofthe rocker device 8117 in a first direction may cause the jaw portion811 a to articulate relative to the shaft portion 811 b in a firstdirection, while movement of the rocker device 8117 in an opposite,e.g., second, direction may cause the jaw portion 811 a to articulaterelative to the shaft portion 811 b in an opposite, e.g., second,direction.

Furthermore, located immediately proximal to the control button 8108 isa Hall-effect switch that is actuated upon the movement of a magnetwithin the control button 8108 upon the operator actuating the controlbutton 8108. The actuation of the Hall-effect switch causes the circuitboard 8109 to provide appropriate signals to a function selection module8210 and an input drive component 8310 to open the first jaw 850relative to the second jaw 880.

In addition, located immediately proximal to the rocker device 8118 is aHall-effect switch that is actuated upon the movement of a magnet withinthe rocker device 8118 upon the operator actuating the rocker device8118. The actuation of the Hall-effect switch causes the circuit board8109 to provide appropriate signals to the function selection module8210 and the input drive component 8310 to rotate the shaft portion 811b, or at least a portion thereof, relative to the handle 8103.Advantageously, movement of the rocker device 8118 in a first directionmay cause the shaft portion 811 b, or at least a portion thereof, torotate relative to the handle 8103 in a first direction, while movementof the rocker device 8118 in an opposite, e.g., second, direction maycause the shaft portion 811 b, or at least a portion thereof, to rotaterelative to the handle 8103 in an opposite, e.g., second, direction.

Still further, the distal portion 8105 of the handle 8103 provides ahousing in which a drive mechanism 8110 may be situated. The drivemechanism 8110 may be configured to drive shafts and/or gear componentsin order to perform the various operations of the surgical device 800,as set forth above. For example, the drive mechanism 8110 may beconfigured to drive shafts and/or gear components in order toselectively move the jaw portion 811 a relative to the shaft portion 811b, to rotate the shaft portion 811 b (or portions of the surgical device800 that are distal thereto) about longitudinal axis D relative to thehandle 8103, to move the first jaw 850 relative to the second jaw 880,and/or to fire a stapling and cutting cartridge within the second jaw880. As set forth above, this arrangement may provide an advantage overother surgical devices in that attachment of the surgical device 800 toa drive system, e.g., motors, etc., of a separate electro-mechanicalsurgical system may be eliminated.

FIG. 17( c) is a partially cutaway, top perspective view of the surgicaldevice 800, which illustrates additional details of the drive mechanism8110. As shown in FIG. 17( c), the drive mechanism 8110 may include aselector gearbox assembly 850 that is located immediately proximalrelative to the shaft portion 811. Proximal to the selector gearboxassembly 850 is a function selection module 8210 that functions toselectively move gear elements within the selector gearbox assembly 850into engagement with an input drive component 8310.

FIGS. 18( a) through 18(d) illustrate various views of the selectorgearbox assembly 850. Specifically, FIG. 18( a) is an explodedperspective view of the selector gearbox assembly 850. Referring to FIG.18( a), the sga 850 includes a pair of screws 8101 and 8102. Each one ofthe pair of screws 8101 and 8102 are received within respective openingsof a proximal housing 826. In addition, a bearing 801 is seated within acorrespondingly shaped recess of the proximal housing 826. The proximalhousing 826 also has a pair of adjacent and overlapping recesses 8261,8262 in its distal face. A first recess 8261 is configured to receive aspur gear 839 having gear teeth about its outer circumference. Inaddition, the spur gear 839 has a centrally-disposed orifice 8391extending therethrough, the centrally-disposed orifice 8391 defining anopening that has an elongated, slotted shape. A second recess 8262 isconfigured to receive a spur gear 840 having gear teeth about its outercircumference. In addition, the spur gear 840 has a centrally-disposedorifice 8401 extending therethrough, the centrally-disposed orifice 8401defining a non-circular opening. The gear teeth of the spur gear 839 aremeshingly engaged with the gear teeth of the spur gear 840. Locateddistally relative to the spur gears 839, 840 is a spacer element 883.

Located distally relative to the spacer element 883 is a spur gear 836having gear teeth about its outer circumference. In addition, the spurgear 836 has a centrally-disposed orifice 8361 extending therethrough.The centrally-disposed orifice 8361 defines an opening that haslongitudinally-extending slots positioned at various intervals along itsinner circumferential surface. The selector gearbox assembly 850 alsoincludes a spur gear 838 having gear teeth about its outercircumference. In addition, the spur gear 838 has a centrally-disposedorifice 8381 extending therethrough, the centrally-disposed orifice 8381defining a non-circular opening. The gear teeth of the spur gear 836 aremeshingly engaged with the gear teeth of the spur gear 838. Locateddistally relative to the spur gear 838 is a bearing 802. The bearing802, as well as the spur gears 836, 838 are maintained within respectiverecesses of a first intermediate housing 825.

Located distally relative to the first intermediate housing 825 is aspur gear 837 having gear teeth about its outer circumference. Inaddition, the spur gear 837 has a centrally-disposed orifice 8371extending therethrough. The centrally-disposed orifice 8371 defines anopening that has longitudinally-extending slots positioned at variousintervals along its inner circumferential surface. The selector gearboxassembly 850 also includes a spur gear 834 having gear teeth about itsouter circumference. In addition, the spur gear 834 has acentrally-disposed orifice 8341 extending therethrough, thecentrally-disposed orifice 8341 defining a non-circular opening. Thegear teeth of the spur gear 837 are meshingly engaged with the gearteeth of the spur gear 834. Located distally relative to the spur gears834, 837 is a spacer 882.

Located distally relative to the spacer element 882 is a spur gear 896having gear teeth about its outer circumference. In addition, the spurgear 896 has a centrally-disposed orifice 8961 extending therethrough.The centrally-disposed orifice 8961 defines an opening that haslongitudinally-extending slots positioned at various intervals along itsinner circumferential surface. The selector gearbox assembly 850 alsoincludes a spur gear 895 having gear teeth about its outercircumference. In addition, the spur gear 895 has a centrally-disposedorifice 8951 extending therethrough, the centrally-disposed orifice 8951defining a non-circular opening. The gear teeth of the spur gear 896 aremeshingly engaged with the gear teeth of the spur gear 895. Locateddistally relative to the spur gears 895, 896 are bearings 8031, 8032.The bearings 8031, 8032, as well as the spur gears 895, 896 aremaintained within respective recesses of a second intermediate housing824.

The second intermediate housing 824 also has a pair of adjacent andoverlapping recesses 8241, 8242 in its distal face. A first recess 8241is configured to receive a spur gear 876 having gear teeth about itsouter circumference. In addition, the spur gear 876 has acentrally-disposed orifice 8761 extending therethrough, thecentrally-disposed orifice 8761 defining an opening that haslongitudinally-extending slots positioned at various intervals along itsinner circumferential surface. A second recess 8242 is configured toreceive a spur gear 875 having gear teeth about its outer circumference.In addition, the spur gear 875 has a centrally-disposed orifice 8751extending therethrough, the centrally-disposed orifice 8751 defining anon-circular opening. The gear teeth of the spur gear 876 are meshinglyengaged with the gear teeth of the spur gear 875.

Located distally relative to the spur gears 875, 876 are bearings 804,8051 and 8052. The bearings 804, 8051 and 8052 are maintained withinrespective recesses of a distal housing 823. The proximal housing 826,the first intermediate housing 825, the second intermediate housing 824and the distal housing 823 are attached to each other via screws 8101and 8102 from the proximal end of the selector gearbox assembly 850 andvia screws 8111 and 8112 (maintained in sleeves 8321 and 8322,respectively) from the distal end thereof.

The selector gearbox assembly 850 also includes a selector rod 827. Theselector rod has a head 8271 at its proximal end. The head 8271 isconfigured to engage the shaft 8211 of the function selection module8210. In addition, the selector rod 827 includes a proximal portion8272. The proximal portion 8272 has oppositely-disposed flat portions8273 along its outer circumference. The proximal portion 8272 resideswithin the opening 8391 of the spur gear 839, the flat portions 8273being keyed therewithin such that the selector rod 827 is locked intorotatable engagement with the spur gear 839. The selector rod 827 alsoincludes oppositely-disposed nubs 828 at about its axial midpoint. Thenubs 828 extend radially outerwardly from the outer circumference of theselector rod 827.

In operation, the jaw portion 811 a is maintained in an initial positionin which it is axially aligned with the shaft portion 811 b, such as aposition similar to the position shown in FIG. 3( b). In this position,the surgical device 800 may be inserted, e.g., through a trocar, into asurgical site. Depending on the position of the incision and the tissueto be clamped, stapled and cut, the user may then operate the surgicaldevice 800.

Once the surgical device 800 has been inserted within a patient, theshaft portion 811 b, or at least a portion thereof, may be rotated,e.g., the shaft portion 811 b may be rotated relative to and about thelongitudinal axis D of the handle 8103. Of course, it should berecognized that, in the example embodiment described herein, rotation ofthe shaft portion 811 b relative to the handle 8103 also causes rotationof the jaw portion 811 a disposed distally relative to the shaft portion811 b. In other embodiments, rotation may be achieved by the jaw portion811 a rotating relative to and about a longitudinal axis of the shaftportion 811 b, or, in an embodiment in which the jaw portion 811 a iscoupled directly to the handle 8103, by the jaw portion 811 a rotatingrelative to and about a longitudinal axis of the handle 8103. For thepurposes of this application, the “shaft portion” is intended to referto any portion of the component of the surgical device that is locateddistally relative to a handle.

Once the shaft portion 811 b has been rotated relative to the handle8103, the surgical device 800 may be employed to move the jaw portion811 a relative to the shaft portion 811 b, e.g., to pivot the jawportion 811 a about axis B relative to the shaft portion 811 b. In orderto perform this articulation function, the surgical device 800 may beoperated such that the function selector module 8210 is moved to anarticulation function position. As set forth above, in this articulationfunction position, the function selector module 8210 causes engagementof the main drive shaft 8311 of the main motor drive component 8310 withappropriate gears of the selector gearbox assembly 850, as set forthmore fully below.

Generally, the function selector module 8210 is actuated such that theshaft 8211 moves the selector rod 827 to an articulation position. Inthe embodiment shown, the articulation function position is a positionin which the selector rod 827 is moved to its proximal-most position.With the selector rod 827 here, the nubs 828 of the selector rod 827 arepositioned within the longitudinal slots located on the innercircumferential surface of the opening 8361 of the spur gear 836.

With the selector rod 827 so positioned, the main motor drive componentis then actuated. Specifically, an operator may move the finger-actuatedrocker device 8117 in a first direction. The corresponding Hall-effectswitch that is located immediately proximal to the rocker device 8117senses the movement of the magnet in the rocker device 3117 andgenerates an appropriate signal that is sent to, and received by, themain motor drive component 8310. The main motor drive component 8310turns the shafts 8311 in response to the received signals. In an exampleembodiment, the main motor drive component 8310 may turn the shaft 8311in a clockwise direction (as previously explained, for the sake ofsimplicity, all references herein to a rotational direction, e.g.,clockwise or counterclockwise, refer to a view from the proximal end ofthe surgical device towards the distal end of the surgical device 800,unless otherwise noted; furthermore, it should be recognized that, whilethe disclosure hereinbelow includes, for each of the components of thesurgical device 800, various references to rotational directions inorder to perform a specific function, these directions are merelyexemplary because certain components may be differently configured,e.g., threaded portions may have a right-hand thread as opposed to aleft-hand thread, etc., such that the rotational directions set forthherein may be reversed in order to perform the same below-describedfunctions).

The distal end of the shaft 8311 is keyed to the non-circular opening8401 of the spur gear 840, such that clockwise rotation of the shaft8311 causes the spur gear 840 to rotate in a clockwise direction.Because the gear teeth on the outer circumference of the spur gear 840are meshingly engaged with the gear teeth on the outer circumference ofthe spur gear 839, clockwise rotation of the spur gear 840 causes thespur gear 839 to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction. As set forthabove, the proximal portion 8272 of the selector rod 827 is keyed withinthe non-circular opening 8391 of the spur gear 839, such thatcounter-clockwise rotation of the spur gear 839 causes the selector rod827 to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction. Also, because theselector rod 827 is in an axial position in which the nubs 828 of theselector rod 827 are positioned within the longitudinal slots located onthe inner circumferential surface of the opening 8361 of the spur gear836, counter-clockwise rotation of the selector rod 827 causes the spurgear 836 to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction.

Because the gear teeth on the outer circumference of the spur gear 836are meshingly engaged with the gear teeth on the outer circumference ofthe spur gear 838, counter-clockwise rotation of the spur gear 836causes the spur gear 838 to rotate in a clockwise direction. Thenon-circular opening 8381 of the spur gear 838 is keyed to a shaft, suchas the shaft 525 illustrated in, e.g., FIG. 4( d), such that clockwiserotation of the spur gear 838 causes articulation of the jaw portion 811a relative to the shaft portion 811 b about axis B in a first, e.g.,counter-clockwise direction (when viewed from above) in the mannerdescribed hereinabove or in any other manner. Of course, the movement,e.g., articulation, in the opposite direction may also be accomplishedby reversing the direction in which the above-described gears are causedto rotate.

Once the jaw portion 811 a has been articulated about axis B relative tothe shaft portion 811 b, the jaws 850, 880 may be moved, e.g., opened,so as to enable a section of tissue to be disposed therebetween. Inorder to perform this opening function, the surgical device 800 may beoperated such that the function selector module 8210 is moved to anopening function position. As set forth above, in this opening functionposition, the function selector module 8210 causes engagement of themain drive shaft 8311 of the main motor drive component 8310 withappropriate gears of the selector gearbox assembly 850, as set forthmore fully below.

Generally, the function selector module 8210 is actuated such that theshaft 8211 moves the selector rod 827 to a clamping position. In theembodiment shown, the clamping function position is a position in whichthe selector rod 827 is moved to an axial position at which the nubs 828of the selector rod 827 are positioned within the longitudinal slotslocated on the inner circumferential surface of the opening 8961 of thespur gear 896.

With the selector rod 827 so positioned, the main motor drive component8310 is then actuated. Specifically, an operator may move thefinger-actuated control button 8108. The corresponding Hall-effectswitch that is located immediately proximal to the control button 8108senses the movement of the magnet in the control button 8108 andgenerates an appropriate signal that is sent to, and received by, themain motor drive component 8310. The main motor drive component 8310turns the shaft 8311 in response to the received signals. In an exampleembodiment, the main motor drive component 8310 may turn the shaft 8311in a clockwise direction.

Since the distal end of the shaft 8311 is keyed to the non-circularopening 8401 of the spur gear 840, clockwise rotation of the shaft 8311causes the spur gear 840 to rotate in a clockwise direction. Also,because the gear teeth on the outer circumference of the spur gear 840are meshingly engaged with the gear teeth on the outer circumference ofthe spur gear 839, clockwise rotation of the spur gear 840 causes thespur gear 839 to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction. As set forthabove, the proximal portion 8272 of the selector rod 827 is keyed withinthe non-circular opening 8961 of the spur gear 896, such thatcounter-clockwise rotation of the spur gear 839 causes the selector rod827 to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction. Also, because theselector rod 827 is in an axial position in which the nubs 828 of theselector rod 827 are positioned within the longitudinal slots located onthe inner circumferential surface of the opening 8961 of the spur gear896, counter-clockwise rotation of the selector rod 827 causes the spurgear 896 to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction.

Because the gear teeth on the outer circumference of the spur gear 896are meshingly engaged with the gear teeth on the outer circumference ofthe spur gear 895, counter-clockwise rotation of the spur gear 896causes the spur gear 895 to rotate in a clockwise direction. Thenon-circular opening 8951 of the spur gear 895 is keyed to a shaft, suchas the shaft 527 illustrated in, e.g., FIG. 4( d), such that clockwiserotation of the spur gear 895 causes the first jaw 850 to move, e.g., beopened, relative to the second jaw 880) in the manner describedhereinabove or in any other manner.

Once the first and second jaws 850, 880 have been opened to a desiredposition relative to each other, and once a section of tissue desired tobe operated on is satisfactorily positioned between the first and secondjaws 850, 880 of the surgical device 800, the first and second jaws 850,880 are closed so as to clamp the section of tissue therebetween.

In order to close the first and second jaws 50, 80 relative to eachother, the function selector module 8210 may remain in the clampingfunction position. As set forth above, in this clamping functionposition, the selector rod 827 is positioned such that the nubs 828 ofthe selector rod 827 are positioned within the longitudinal slotslocated on the inner circumferential surface of the opening 8961 of thespur gear 896.

With the selector rod 827 so positioned, the main motor drive component8310 is then actuated in a reverse direction from that described above.Specifically, an operator may move the finger-actuated control button8107. The corresponding Hall-effect switch that is located immediatelyproximal to the control button 8107 senses the movement of the magnet inthe control button 8107 and generates an appropriate signal that is sentto, and received by, the main motor drive component 8310. The main motordrive component 8310 turns the shaft 8311 in response to the receivedsignals. In this example embodiment, the main motor drive component 8310may turn the shaft 8311 in a counter-clockwise direction.

Since the distal end of the shaft 8311 is keyed to the non-circularopening 8401 of the spur gear 840, counter-clockwise rotation of theshaft 8311 causes the spur gear 840 to rotate in a counter-clockwisedirection. Also, because the gear teeth on the outer circumference ofthe spur gear 840 are meshingly engaged with the gear teeth on the outercircumference of the spur gear 839, counter-clockwise rotation of thespur gear 840 causes the spur gear 839 to rotate in a clockwisedirection. As set forth above, the proximal portion 8272 of the selectorrod 827 is keyed within the non-circular opening 8391 of the spur gear839, such that clockwise rotation of the spur gear 839 causes theselector rod 827 to rotate in a clockwise direction. Also, because theselector rod 827 is in an axial position in which the nubs 828 of theselector rod 827 are positioned within the longitudinal slots located onthe inner circumferential surface of the opening 8961 of the spur gear896, clockwise rotation of the selector rod 827 causes the spur gear 896to rotate in a clockwise direction.

Because the gear teeth on the outer circumference of the spur gear 896are meshingly engaged with the gear teeth on the outer circumference ofthe spur gear 895, clockwise rotation of the spur gear 896 causes thespur gear 895 to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction. Thenon-circular opening 8951 of the spur gear 895 is keyed to a shaft, suchas the shaft 527 illustrated in, e.g., FIG. 4( d), such thatcounter-clockwise rotation of the spur gear 895 causes the first jaw 850to move, e.g., be closed, relative to the second jaw 880) in the mannerdescribed hereinabove or in any other manner, thereby clamping thesection of tissue between the first and second jaws 850, 880.

Once a section of tissue has been clamped between the first and secondjaws 850, 880, the section of tissue may be cut and/or stapled. Itshould be recognized that, while the present invention is illustrated asusing both cutting and stapling elements, the surgical device 800 mayemploy only one such element, or else may employ a different type ofsurgical instrument.

Before the surgical device 800 is inserted into a patient's body, astaple cartridge 578 is provided within the second jaw 880. In anembodiment, the surgical device 800 is a single-use device, in which thestaple cartridge is integral to the second jaw 880. Alternatively, thesurgical device 800 may have a replaceable staple cartridge, e.g.,replaceable staple cartridge 600 as illustrated in FIG. 4( e), therebypermitting the surgical device 800 to be used numerous times withdifferent staple cartridges. In this embodiment, if the surgical device800 is being used for the first time, the staple cartridge 600 may bepre-installed during manufacture and assembly of the surgical device800, or else may be installed by the user just prior to using thesurgical device 800. If the surgical device 800 is being used for thesecond or more time, the staple cartridge 600 may be installed by theuser just prior to using the surgical device 800. When the staplecartridge 600 is inserted into the second jaw 880, the distal end of thefiring shaft 557 is received within the proximally-facing opening 605 dof the wedge driver 605.

With the staple cartridge 600 installed within the second jaw 80 of thesurgical device 800, the surgical device 800 may be operated such thatthe function selector module 8210 is moved to a firing functionposition. As set forth above, in this firing function position, theselector rod 827 is positioned such that the nubs 828 of the selectorrod 827 are positioned within the longitudinal slots located on theinner circumferential surface of the opening 8371 of the spur gear 837.

With the selector rod 827 so positioned, the main motor drive component8310 is then actuated. Specifically, an operator may again move thefinger-actuated control button 8107. The corresponding Hall-effectswitch that is located immediately proximal to the control button 8107senses the movement of the magnet in the control button 8107 andgenerates an appropriate signal that is sent to, and received by, themain motor drive component 8310. The main motor drive component 8310turns the shaft 8311 in response to the received signals. In thisexample embodiment, the main motor drive component 8310 may turn theshaft 8311 in a counter-clockwise direction.

Since the distal end of the shaft 8311 is keyed to the non-circularopening 8401 of the spur gear 840, counter-clockwise rotation of theshaft 8311 causes the spur gear 840 to rotate in a counter-clockwisedirection. Also, because the gear teeth on the outer circumference ofthe spur gear 840 are meshingly engaged with the gear teeth on the outercircumference of the spur gear 839, counter-clockwise rotation of thespur gear 840 causes the spur gear 839 to rotate in a clockwisedirection. As set forth above, the proximal portion 8272 of the selectorrod 827 is keyed within the non-circular opening 8391 of the spur gear839, such that clockwise rotation of the spur gear 839 causes theselector rod 827 to rotate in a clockwise direction. Also, because theselector rod 827 is in an axial position in which the nubs 828 of theselector rod 827 are positioned within the longitudinal slots located onthe inner circumferential surface of the opening 8371 of the spur gear837, clockwise rotation of the selector rod 827 causes the spur gear 837to rotate in a clockwise direction.

Because the gear teeth on the outer circumference of the spur gear 837are meshingly engaged with the gear teeth on the outer circumference ofthe spur gear 834, clockwise rotation of the spur gear 837 causes thespur gear 834 to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction. Thenon-circular opening 8341 of the spur gear 834 is keyed to a shaft, suchas the shaft 529 illustrated in, e.g., FIG. 4( d), such thatcounter-clockwise rotation of the spur gear 834 causes the cuttingand/or stapling of the tissue in the manner described hereinabove or inany other manner, e.g., by driving a staple pushing element and/orcutting blade through the section of tissue.

Once the section of tissue is cut and/or stapled, the surgical device800 may be employed to return the wedge 2603 and the blade 51 to theirinitial positions. This may be particularly desirable when the surgicaldevice 800 employs replaceable staple cartridges, e.g., replaceablestaple cartridge 600 as illustrated in FIG. 4( e), thereby permittingthe surgical device 800 to be used numerous times with different staplecartridges. Once the wedge 2603 and the blade 51 have been moved totheir initial positions, the surgical device 800 may be used for asecond or more time. To do so, the user may remove the spent staplecartridge 600 and insert in the surgical device 800 a new staplecartridge 600, the distal end of the firing shaft 557 being receivedwithin the proximally-facing opening 2605 d of the wedge driver 2605 ofthe new staple cartridge 2600. Of course, it should be recognized thatthis step of returning the wedge 2603 and the blade 51 to their initialpositions may be performed either prior to, or subsequent to, removal ofthe surgical device 800 from the patient's body.

In order to return the wedge 2603 and the blade 51 to their initialpositions, the function selector module 8210 may remain in the firingfunction position. As set forth above, in this firing function position,the selector rod 827 is positioned such that the nubs 828 of theselector rod 827 are positioned within the longitudinal slots located onthe inner circumferential surface of the opening 8371 of the spur gear837.

With the selector rod 827 so positioned, the main motor drive component8310 is then actuated in a reverse direction as described above.Specifically, an operator may again move the finger-actuated controlbutton 8107. The corresponding Hall-effect switch that is locatedimmediately proximal to the control button 8107 senses the movement ofthe magnet in the control button 8107 and generates an appropriatesignal that is sent to, and received by, the main motor drive component8310. The main motor drive component 8310 turns the shaft 8311 inresponse to the received signals. In this example embodiment, the mainmotor drive component 8310 may turn the shaft 8311 in a clockwisedirection.

Since the distal end of the shaft 8311 is keyed to the non-circularopening 8401 of the spur gear 840, clockwise rotation of the shaft 8311causes the spur gear 840 to rotate in a clockwise direction. Also,because the gear teeth on the outer circumference of the spur gear 840are meshingly engaged with the gear teeth on the outer circumference ofthe spur gear 839, clockwise rotation of the spur gear 840 causes thespur gear 839 to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction. As set forthabove, the proximal portion 8272 of the selector rod 827 is keyed withinthe non-circular opening 8391 of the spur gear 839, such thatcounter-clockwise rotation of the spur gear 839 causes the selector rod827 to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction. Also, because theselector rod 827 is in an axial position in which the nubs 828 of theselector rod 827 are positioned within the longitudinal slots located onthe inner circumferential surface of the opening 8371 of the spur gear837, counter-clockwise rotation of the selector rod 827 causes the spurgear 837 to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction.

Because the gear teeth on the outer circumference of the spur gear 837are meshingly engaged with the gear teeth on the outer circumference ofthe spur gear 834, counter-clockwise rotation of the spur gear 837causes the spur gear 834 to rotate in a clockwise direction. Thenon-circular opening 8341 of the spur gear 834 is keyed to a shaft, suchas the shaft 529 illustrated in, e.g., FIG. 4( d), such that clockwiserotation of the spur gear 834 causes the cutting and/or staplingelements, e.g., the wedge 2603 and the blade 51, to be returned to theirinitial positions in the manner described hereinabove or in any othermanner.

Once the wedge 2603 and the blade 51 to their initial positions, thesurgical device 800 may be employed to move the jaw portion 811 arelative to the shaft portion 811 b, e.g., to pivot the jaw portion 811a about axis B relative to the shaft portion 811 b, back to its initialaligned positioned for the purposes of easing the removal of thesurgical device from the incision of the patient. In order to performthis function, the surgical device 800 may be operated such that thefunction selector module 8210 is moved back to the articulation functionposition. As set forth above, in this articulation function position,the function selector module 8210 causes engagement of the main driveshaft 8311 of the main motor drive component 8310 with appropriate gearsof the selector gearbox assembly 850, as set forth more fully below.

Generally, the function selector module 8210 is actuated such that theshaft 8211 moves the selector rod 827 back to the articulation functionposition in which the nubs 828 of the selector rod 827 are positionedwithin the longitudinal slots located on the inner circumferentialsurface of the opening 8361 of the spur gear 836.

With the selector rod 827 so positioned, the main motor drive componentis then actuated in the reverse direction from that described above.Specifically, an operator may move the finger-actuated rocker device8117 in a second direction. The corresponding Hall-effect switch that islocated immediately proximal to the rocker device 8117 senses themovement of the magnet in the rocker device 3117 and generates anappropriate signal that is sent to, and received by, the main motordrive component 8310. The main motor drive component 8310 turns theshafts 8311 in response to the received signals. In an exampleembodiment, the main motor drive component 8310 may turn the shaft 8311in a counter-clockwise direction. The distal end of the shaft 8311 iskeyed to the non-circular opening 8401 of the spur gear 840, such thatcounter-clockwise rotation of the shaft 8311 causes the spur gear 840 torotate in a counter-clockwise direction. Because the gear teeth on theouter circumference of the spur gear 840 are meshingly engaged with thegear teeth on the outer circumference of the spur gear 839,counter-clockwise rotation of the spur gear 840 causes the spur gear 839to rotate in a clockwise direction. As set forth above, the proximalportion 8272 of the selector rod 827 is keyed within the non-circularopening 8391 of the spur gear 839, such that clockwise rotation of thespur gear 839 causes the selector rod 827 to rotate in a clockwisedirection. Also, because the selector rod 827 is in an axial position inwhich the nubs 828 of the selector rod 827 are positioned within thelongitudinal slots located on the inner circumferential surface of theopening 8361 of the spur gear 836, clockwise rotation of the selectorrod 827 causes the spur gear 836 to rotate in a clockwise direction.

Because the gear teeth on the outer circumference of the spur gear 836are meshingly engaged with the gear teeth on the outer circumference ofthe spur gear 838, clockwise rotation of the spur gear 836 causes thespur gear 838 to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction. Thenon-circular opening 8381 of the spur gear 838 is keyed to a shaft, suchas the shaft 525 illustrated in, e.g., FIG. 4( d), such thatcounter-clockwise rotation of the spur gear 838 causes articulation ofthe jaw portion 811 a relative to the shaft portion 811 b about axis Bin the second, e.g., clockwise direction (when viewed from above) in themanner described hereinabove or in any other manner. Of course, themovement, e.g., articulation, in the opposite direction may also beaccomplished by reversing the direction in which the above-describedgears are caused to rotate.

Once the longitudinal axes of the jaw portion 811 a and the shaftportion 811 b have been aligned, the surgical device 800 may be employedto return the shaft portion 811 b to its initial position relative tothe handle 8103, e.g., by rotating the shaft portion 811 b relative tothe handle 8103 about the longitudinal axis D of the handle 8103 untilthe shaft portion 811 b and the handle 8103 are in their initial, e.g.,aligned, positions relative to each other. Again, this may beparticularly desirable when the surgical device 800 employs replaceablestaple cartridges, e.g., replaceable staple cartridge 600 as illustratedin FIG. 4( e), so as to return the surgical device 800 into a conditionwhich permits it to be used numerous times with different staplecartridges. Once the shaft portion 811 b has been rotated back to itsinitial position relative to the handle 8103, the surgical device 800may be used for a second or more time. Of course, it should berecognized that this particular step may be performed either prior to,or subsequent to, removal of the surgical device 800 from the patient'sbody.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that numerous modifications ofthe exemplary embodiment described hereinabove may be made withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Althoughexemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described anddisclosed in detail herein, it should be understood that this inventionis in no sense limited thereby.

1. (canceled)
 2. A surgical device comprising: a jaw portion having afirst jaw and a second jaw; a shaft assembly coupled to a proximal endof the jaw portion, the shaft assembly defining a longitudinal axis; ahandle assembly supporting the jaw assembly; and a drive assemblysupported in the handle assembly, the drive assembly being configured toapply a plurality of control motions to the shaft assembly; wherein thedrive assembly includes a gear train operably communicating with afiring input bevel gear for actuating at least one gear of the geartrain to transversely communicate with at least one other gear of thegear train.
 3. The surgical device according to claim 2, wherein thegear train includes a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear, thefirst and second bevel gears being substantially parallel to each other,and to the longitudinal axis defined by the shaft assembly.
 4. Thesurgical device according to claim 3, wherein the gear train furtherincludes a first articulation gear, a portion of the first articulationgear being disposed between the first and second bevel gears.
 5. Thesurgical device according to claim 4, wherein the first articulationgear is transverse to the first and second bevel gears.
 6. The surgicaldevice according to claim 5, wherein the first articulation gearoperably communicates with a second articulation gear, the first andsecond articulation gears disposed in a coaxial relationship.
 7. Thesurgical device according to claim 5, wherein a pair of idler bevelgears is disposed on opposed ends of the first articulation gear.
 8. Thesurgical device according to claim 7, wherein the pair of idler gearsoperably communicate with the first or second bevel gears.
 9. Thesurgical device according to claim 3, wherein the firing input bevelgear is disposed in a coaxial relationship with at least one the firstand second bevel gears.
 10. The surgical device according to claim 2,wherein the gear train includes a bevel/spur gear component.
 11. Thesurgical device according to claim 10, wherein the bevel/spur gearcomponent is disposed in a coaxial relationship with at least one thefirst or second bevel gears.
 12. A surgical device comprising: a jawportion; a shaft assembly coupled to the jaw portion; a handle assemblysupporting the shaft assembly; and a drive assembly supported in thehandle assembly, the drive assembly mechanically cooperating with theshaft assembly, the drive assembly including a first gear arrangementtransversely engaging a second gear arrangement.
 13. The surgical deviceaccording to claim 12, wherein the first gear arrangement includes afirst bevel gear and a second bevel gear, the first and second bevelgears being substantially parallel to each other.
 14. The surgicaldevice according to claim 13, wherein the second gear arrangementincludes a first articulation gear, a portion of the first articulationgear disposed between the first and second bevel gears of the first geararrangement.
 15. The surgical device according to claim 14, wherein thesecond gear arrangement further includes a second articulation gearoperably communicating with the first articulation gear, the first andsecond articulation gears disposed in a coaxial relationship.
 16. Thesurgical device according to claim 15, wherein the second geararrangement further includes a pair of idler bevel gears disposed onopposed ends of the first articulation gear.
 17. The surgical deviceaccording to claim 16, wherein the pair of idler gears of the secondgear arrangement operably communicate with the first and second bevelgears of the first gear arrangement.
 18. The surgical device accordingto claim 13, further comprising a firing input bevel gear for drivingthe second gear arrangement, the firing input bevel gear disposed in acoaxial relationship with at least one the first and second bevel gearsof the first gear arrangement.
 19. The surgical device according toclaim 12, further comprising a third gear arrangement, the third geararrangement including at least a bevel/spur gear component.
 20. Thesurgical device according to claim 19, wherein the bevel/spur gearcomponent is disposed in a coaxial relationship with at least one thefirst and second bevel gears of the first gear arrangement.